双控下翻式车窗逃生装置设计及试验研究  

Design of bus escape window with foldable frame controlled by electromagnetic switch or mechanical switch and its test

作　　者：林育兹[1,2] 郑伟[2] 牛聪民[2] 陈毅龙[2] 李永鲜[2] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学物理与机电工程学院,福建厦门361005 [2]厦门大学嘉庚学院,福建漳州363005

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2015年第3期47-53,共7页China Safety Science Journal

摘　　要：为克服传统逃生装置存在的破坏性、开启困难和二次伤害等问题,提高车辆逃生装置的实用性,设计出一种用电磁和机械开关双重控制的、下翻式可折叠车用新型逃生车窗。逃生窗的机械系统为操作轻便的下翻式结构,下翻后可形成牢固的一级阶梯,便于车内乘客撤离。该车窗由电磁开关和机械开关并联控制,可分别开启下翻机构,以提高可靠性。对逃生窗机械结构的有限元分析表明,改进后的逃生窗结构有足够的承载能力,能够保证车内乘客安全撤离。静态和动态的逃生试验显示,逃生车窗能被迅速开启、便于人员撤离。To overcome the shortcomings of traditional escape devices on passenger vehicles and improve their practical performance,an escape window with a foldable frame was designed. The mechanical system of the escape window is composed of a slider-bar linkage and a foldable frame. When its escape switch is turned on,the foldable frame is folded downwards and a firm horizontal ladder is formed by a linkage mechanism,which provides an easy exit to the passengers. The actuation of the window frame is controlled by an electromagnetic switch or a mechanical switch. If electromagnetic switch does not work normally,the window is opened by the mechanical switch,and vice versa. A finite element analysis of the mechanical structure indicates that load capacity of the bus escape window is sufficent to ensure the passengers＇ safe escape. Static and dynamic escape test results show that escape plan using new escape window can achieve quick opening and fast evacuation.

关 键 词：公共汽车 双控式 下翻式逃生窗 承载分析 逃生试验 

分 类 号：X924.2[环境科学与工程—安全科学] U270.14[机械工程—车辆工程]