延安市土地利用/土地覆被格局变化特征  

Land-use/ cover spatial-temporal change characteristic in Yan′an region

作　　者：何立恒[1,2] 贾子瑞[2] 王志杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学土木工程学院,江苏南京210037 [2]北京市测绘设计研究院城市空间信息工程北京市重点实验室,北京100830

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第6期173-176,共4页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：城市空间信息工程北京市重点实验室经费资助项目(2015202);国家级大学生实践创新训练计划项目(201410298023Z)

摘　　要：利用延安市2000、2005和2010年3期土地覆被数据,采用空间叠加分析、土地利用动态度分析、空间转移矩阵分析方法,研究了不同时期土地覆被变化及其空间分布规律。结果表明:时间上,土地覆被结构发生了较大变化,草地面积显著增加,林地面积略有增加,水域面积少量增加,建设用地持续增加,耕地面积大幅减少,但减少的速度趋缓;耕地和未利用地主要转化为草地和建设用地,未利用地的补充主要来源于耕地,反映存在耕地荒废和土地退化现象。空间上,西南部和东南部的林地面积所占比重较大,东北部的草地面积增加明显。建设用地增加主要分布在宝塔区,沿沟谷河道条带发展;耕地减少的区域主要分布在西部、北部和东部,增加耕地零星分布,洛川、黄陵东部和黄龙西南部增加明显。This paper analyzed the land cover change and the spatial distribution in different period by using spatial o-verlay, dynamic degree of land use, space transfer matrix. The data source was land use data in 2000, 2005 and 2010 inYan′an region. The results show that the land cover structure has significantly changed. The grass land area has a signifi-cant increase, but the area of wood land has increased slightly, and the water area has also increased a little. The con-struction land has continued to increase. The farmland area has significantly reducation, but the reducation speed hasdropped. The cropland and unused land has mainly changed into grassland and construction land. The supplementary ofunused land mainly comes from the cropland. It shows that the phenomenon of the cropland waste and land degradationstill exists. From the view of the space, the forest area in the southwest and southeast has accounted for a larger propor-tion. The grassland area in the northeast has significantly increased. The areas which the construction land has increasedare mainly in Baota District, developing along the gully strip. The decreasing districts of the cropland are mainly locatedin the west, north and east. The increasing districts distribute in Luochuan, the east of Huangling and southwest ofHuanglong. The research results provide the scientific basis for the development and utilization of land.

关 键 词：土地利用/土地覆被 转换矩阵 叠加分析 格局变化 延安市 

分 类 号：S732[农业科学—林学] F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]