从“归附汉人”转到“汉军旗人”——以“盛京出生”者为中心  

From “Han Who Surrendered to the Qing” to “Chinese Bannermen”:Taking the “Mukden Born” as the Core

作　　者：绵贯哲郎 

出　　处：《清史研究》2015年第4期80-91,共12页The Qing History Journal

摘　　要：汉军旗人大部分是投降、被俘虏、被掠取或主动归附于清朝(后金国)的旧明朝官民及其儿孙,他们成为"归附汉人",在清初通过入旗而"满化"。本文以"归附汉人"中的高级将领及其继承者为考察的重点,认为鲍承先、祖泽润、王世选、蔡士英等,归附后不得不与汉地的妻子儿女分离,而在盛京另行娶妻生子。且在遇有袭替世职时,鲍氏、祖氏、王氏家族,都不选汉地(旧明朝时期)出生之子,而是以"盛京出生"之子袭替,另建新的旗人谱系。这一反映清初"汉人满化"的现象,为以往的研究者所忽略。The most Chinese Bannermen were officials of the Ming and their descendents who surrendered, were taken prisoner, or were forced to submit to the Qing （The Later Jin）. Classified as ＂Han Chinese who surrendered＂ in the early Qing they entered the Banners and became ＂Manjurified. ＂ This article takes the high level officers among Han who submitted and their descendents as its focus. The author finds that Shen Chengxian, Zu Fengrun, Wang Shixuan, Cai Shiying and others, after they surrendered they had no choice but to leave they wives and children in Han territory, moreover they married and had children in Mukden. When it came time to inherit offices, the Shen family, Zu family, and Wang family, did not select their children born in Han territory, rather the children born in Mukden inherited their offices, and established new banner genealogies. This was a reflection of the Manjufification of the Han in the early Qing, a phenomenon that has been overlooked by researchers.

关 键 词：归附汉人 汉军旗人 盛京出生 汉人满化 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]