浙江饮用水源地浮游动物群落特征及环境响应  

Characteristics of the zooplankton community and their association with environmental factors in drinking water sources,Zhejiang Province,China

作　　者：徐杭英[1] 于海燕[1] 韩明春[1] 黄平沙[2] 李共国[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省环境监测中心,杭州310007 [2]浙江万里学院生物与环境学院,宁波315100

出　　处：《生态学报》2015年第21期7219-7228,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

摘　　要：2010年1月至2011年10月,对浙江省16个饮用水源地(H1—H8为河网型,K1—K8为水库型)的浮游动物群落进行季节调查。共记录浮游动物优势种(属)21种(轮虫8种、枝角类5种、剑水蚤5种和哲水蚤3种),各类群第一优势种分别为针簇多肢轮虫(Polyarthra trigla)、长额象鼻溞(Bosmina longirostris)、粗壮温剑水蚤(Thermocyclops dybowskii)和汤匙华哲水蚤(Sinocalanus dorrii)。2年间,河网和水库浮游动物平均密度分别为345.2 L-1和199.4 L-1,生物量分别为0.667 mg/L和0.421mg/L。各类群密度百分比例均以轮虫和桡足类无节幼体为主,甲壳动物以剑水蚤为主。经逐步回归分析表明,浮游动物群落密度(生物量)与河网水质因子(P<0.01)之间相关性比水库(P<0.05)更密切,总磷和氨氮分别入选了河网和水库所有有效的回归方程中。通径分析和决策系统分析表明,河网的总磷和叶绿素a含量对浮游动物群落变动具有正效应,溶解氧具有负效应;总磷含量是影响河网群落变动的最重要因子,叶绿素a含量则是影响群落增长最主要的限制因子。河网剑水蚤、无节幼体和轮虫群落的密度(生物量)与水体综合营养指数TLIc密度(TLIc生物量)之间有显著的线性回归关系(P<0.001),无节幼体密度构成了TLIc密度变动的限制因子,轮虫生物量成为TLIc生物量变动的限制因子,而剑水蚤是一类最重要、稳定的水质指示群落,这对于筛选浮游动物群落的一些拓展性监测指标具有重要的参考作用。This study aimed to understand the characteristics of zooplankton community structure and their association with environmental factors in different sources of drinking water. A seasonal investigation was conducted on zooplankton from two drinking water sources （8 rivers and 8 reservoirs） in Zhejiang Province, China, from January 2010 to October 2011. A total of 21 dominant species （genus） of zooplankton （8 Rotifera, 5 Cladocera, 5 Cyclopoida, and 3 Calanoida） were recorded. The primary dominant species in each group of zooplankton were Polyarthra trigla, Bosmina longirostris, Thermocyclops dybowskii, and Sinocalanus dorrii, respectively. Nine of the dominant species （genera） were at the same time indicator species of water trophic state. The more frequently that indicator species of trophic state occurred, the more comprehensive the trophic level index （TLIc） （ P 〈 0.01 ） of the rivers was. Over the 2-year study period, the average density of zooplankton in the rivers and reservoirs was 345.2 L^-1 and 199.4 L^-1, respectively, while the biomass was 0.667 mg/L and 0.421 rag/L, respectively. Rotifer and copepod nauplii dominated both the rivers and reservoirs, representing 87.9% and 88.3% density, respectively. Crustaceans were mainly Cyclopoida, which had 2 times the biomass of Calanoida in the rivers, whereas Calanoida had coefficient of variation ranged 2 times between The results of the stepwise regression the biomass of Cyclopoida in the reservoirs. The river 158.2% and 325.5%, while that of reservoirs ranged analysis showed that the correlative coefficient community density （biomass） between 107.8% and 345.2%. between the density （biomass） of the zooplankton community and the water quality factors was much higher in the rivers （P 〈 0.01 ） than in the reservoirs （P 〈 0.05）. Total phosphorus （TP） and ammonia nitrogen primarily occurred in the rivers and the reservoirs in all effective regression equations, respectively. Path and decision coefficient analysis sho

关 键 词：饮用水源地 浮游动物 逐步回归分析 通径分析 TLIc 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]