欧美地下储气库运营管理模式的启示  

Enlightenment from European and American UGS operation management modes

作　　者：郑得文[1,2] 赵堂玉[3] 张刚雄[1] 田静[1] 魏欢[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院廊坊分院 [2]中国石油天然气集团公司油气地下储库工程重点实验室 [3]中国石油天然气集团公司生产经营管理部

出　　处：《天然气工业》2015年第11期97-101,共5页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：中国石油天然气集团公司重大科技专项课题"储气库运营模式及经济技术研究"(编号:2015E-4001)

摘　　要：地下储气库是调峰保供的有效手段和国家能源安全战略的重要保障。我国地下储气库处于初期发展阶段,运营管理主要采用的是与管道系统统一建设、通过管输费回收建设投资的方式,存在着效益评价体系未建立、运营模式待完善等问题,并由此导致建设的相对滞后,调峰保供能力严重不足。为此,针对性地开展了相关研究,发现欧盟和北美各国储气库在天然气产业发展的不同阶段、不同市场环境及政策法规下,采取了不同的运营管理模式,总体上与本国天然气产业发展国情相适应。据此,借鉴欧美储气库运营模式的经验,对我国地下储气库建设与运营提出几点建议:①储气库建设与管理涉及整个天然气产业链,应分步推进储气库建设、运行和经营的市场化;②加快储运业务相关制度出台,保障储气库业务稳步的发展;③鼓励油气企业建立储气库与已开发油气田之间的联动机制,提升上中下游整体综合效益;④在理顺体制机制的前提下,推进储气库建设融资多元化,充分利用市场化运营机制,降低风险,提升效益。UGS is an effective means for peak shaving and supply guarantee and an important safeguard in national energy safety strategy. At present, the UGS industry in China is at the early stage of development. They are built together with pipeline systems and their construction investment is recovered in the form of pipeline transportation expenses. Therefore, the benefit evaluation sys- tem has not been built and operation modes need further improving. Ultimately, UGS building in China is laggard and its peak shav- ing and supply guarantee capacities are seriously insufficient. In view of this, a series of relevant studies were carried out. It is shown that operation management modes in European Union and North America vary with market environments and policies and regulations of natural gas industry development and they are generally in accordance with national natural gas industry development conditions. Based on European and American UGS operation modes, some suggestions were proposed for UGS building and operation in China. Firstly, impel the marketization of UGS building, operation and management because UGS building and management are included in the whole natural gas business chain. Secondly, constitute storage and transportation business related regulations as soon as possible to ensure the stable development of UGS business. Thirdly, urge oil and gas enterprises to establish interactive mechanisms between UGS and existing developed oil and gas fields so as to increase the overall comprehensive benefits of upper, middle and lower streams. And fourthly, accelerate UGS building financing diversity after the systems and mechanisms are in order, so as to make full use of market driven operation mechanisms to reduce risks and increase benefits.

关 键 词：地下储气库 欧盟和北美 运营模式 调峰保供 市场环境 价格机制 市场监管 政策法规 机制改革 

分 类 号：F416.22[经济管理—产业经济]