汽车车身结构安全部件材料匹配优化设计  

Optimization design of material matching for auto-body safety components

作　　者：伍素珍[1,2] 郑刚[1,2] 李光耀[1,2] 田轩屹 刘胜[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学机械与运载工程学院,湖南长沙410082 [2]湖南大学智能型新能源汽车协同创新中心,湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《锻压技术》2015年第11期85-93,共9页Forging & Stamping Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11102067)

摘　　要：为了解决设计过程中部件选取的盲目性以及优化过程缺乏考虑厚度和材料的交互性等问题,提出将传力路径、能量分布及敏感度分析相结合,选择对性能影响最大的部件作为优化设计对象,以实现部件的合理选取。同时,通过不同近似模型的对比优选出较高精度模型,并采用多目标优化方法进行优化设计,以质量和加速度峰值为优化目标、前围板最大侵入量为约束条件以及厚度和材料为设计变量,得出厚度和材料的最优方案。研究结果表明,该方法具有较高的准确性和有效性,不仅提高了汽车正碰耐撞性,且实现了车身结构轻量化。For the blindness in selecting vehicle parts and the lack of considering interaction problem between thickness and material,targeted at the greatest affected parts in optimization design,reasonable selection of vehicle parts combining with the load path analysis,energy distribution analysis and sensitivity analysis was realized. Meanwhile,a more accuracy approximate model was selected from comparing different approximate models,and the optimization design was carried out by multi-objective optimization method. The optimal schemes about material and thickness were given by selecting mass and peak acceleration as objectives,the maximum material flow value of the front panel as constraint,and thickness and material as design variables. The results show that the method is of high accuracy and efficiency. It not only improves the crashworthiness of the car,but also realizes the lightweight body structure.

关 键 词：材料匹配 高强度钢 汽车安全 多目标优化 

分 类 号：U463.82[机械工程—车辆工程]