高斯白噪声信道传感网络能量有效与可靠性研究  

Energy-efficient and Reliability under White Gaussian Noise Channels of WSNs

作　　者：陈雪[1] 刘安丰[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学软件学院,长沙410075 [2]中南大学信息科学与工程学院,长沙410083

出　　处：《计算机科学》2015年第10期81-91,112,共12页Computer Science

基　　金：2014年中南大学硕士生自主探索创新项目(502200495)基金资助

摘　　要：无线传感器网络节点的优化可以提高无线传感器网络的性能。基于传感网络的能量消耗特征及数据传输的可靠性与能量消耗间的关系，提出了一种跨层优化方法。它不仅能够均衡能量消耗，延长网络寿命，而且也可保证无线传感器网络（Wireless Sensor Networks,WSNs）在加性高斯白噪声信道（Additive White Gaussian Noise Channels,，AWGN）下节点间数据传输的可靠性。首先，从数学上严格给出节点个数N＊、节点的部署位置d＊和节点的传输结构P＊、优化问题有解的条件。其次，针对传感器网络距离Sink近的节点耗能较高而离Sink远的节点耗能较低的这一能量消耗特征以及节点数据传输的可靠性与能量消耗成正相关的情况，采用了跨层优化策略，即对离Sink节点近的节点适当降低其可靠性要求以减少能耗从而延长网络寿命，而对于离Sink节点远有能量剩余的节点提高其可靠性以充分利用其剩余能量，从而使得数据传输的可靠性在满足要求的情况下让网络能量消耗均衡，并延长网络寿命。最后，理论分析和实验结果表明，提出的跨层优化方法可以使网络寿命延长10％～90％，使网络的可靠性提高20％，具有较好的意义。The nodel optimization of wireless sensor networks can improve network performance. A cross-layer optimi- zation method was proposed, which is based on energy consumption characteristics and the relationship between date transmission reliability and energy consumption. It can not only balance energy consumption, improve network lifetime, but also ensure data transmission reliability between nodes of wireless sensor networks under additive white Gaussian noise. First, from mathematics, we strictly gave the conditions of optimization method of optimal nodal number N＂ , nodal placement d＂ and nodal transmission structure p ~ under minimum total energy consumption. Then, for the fact that nodal energy consumption is higher for nodes which are near the sink and nodes which are far from the sink have remaining energy, and date transmission reliability is directly proportional to energy consumption, we conducted a cross- layer optimization strategy. For node which is near to sink, we reduced its reliability to energy consumption and in- creased network lifetime. For node which is far from sink, we improved its reliability to make full use of its remaining energy,so that network energy consumption is balanced and network lifetime is improved. In the end,the theoretical a- nalysis and experimental results show that our optimal design can improve the network lifetime by 10%-90%, network utility by 20% and guarantee desire level of reliability.

关 键 词：无线传感器网络 能量效率 跨层优化 可靠性 网络寿命 

分 类 号：TP301[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]