不同配施菌糠肥料对污灌区玉米Cu、Pb、Cr吸收及转移的影响  

Effects of different bacterial chaff fertilizer on absorption and transfer of heavy metals by corn in sewage irrigation pollution soil

作　　者：王腾[1] 张建国[2] 王效举 程红艳[1] 王强[1] 董卿[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西太谷030801 [2]山西水利职业技术学院,山西运城044004 [3]日本琦玉县环境科学国际研究中心

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2015年第20期4-8,共5页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省国际科技合作项目(2 0 1 3 081002);山西省水利科技推广项目(201412)

摘　　要：采用盆栽试验,研究不同配施菌糠肥料对污灌区土壤种植玉米生长发育及不同部位(根、茎、叶、穗)中重金属元素(Cu、Pb、Cr)吸收与转移的影响。结果表明:(1)与未配施菌糠处理相比,施用不同配施菌糠肥料后,玉米各部位干重及株高均有所增加。(2)玉米地下部Cu、Pb含量平均增加11.20%、17.12%,Cr含量平均减少24.13%;地上部Cu、Pb含量减少;叶片Cr含量增加。(3)玉米对Cu的转移系数、富集系数降低,且均小于1;对Pb的转移系数、富集系数降低,其中对Pb的转移系数大于1;对Cr的转移系数、富集系数整体呈增加趋势,且转移系数大于1。说明施用不同配施菌糠肥料可有效降低玉米对Cu、Pb、Cr3种重金属的吸收,同时降低Cu、Pb元素向地上部的转移率,将由地下部转移到地上部的Cr元素固定在玉米叶中,降低其他部位的Cr元素含量。Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of different bacterial chaff fertilizer on maize growth, absorption and transfer of heavy metals （ Cu, Pb, Cr ） in different parts of maize （ root, stem, leaf, ear ） . Results show that, compared with the control, by application of different bacterial chaff fertilizer, the various parts of corn dry weight and plant high increased ; The mass fractions of Cu and Pb in underground part increased by 11.20%, 17.12%, Cr decreased by 24.13%, the mass fraction of Cu and Pb in above ground part decreased, Cr in maize leaf increased. The transfer coefficient and enrichment coefficient of Cu reduced, and were both less than 1 ; Transfer coefficient and enrichment coefficient of Pb reduced, while the transfer coefficient of Pb was greater than 1, the transfer coefficient and enrichment coefficient of Cr both increased, the transfer coefficient was greater than 1. The results indicate that the bacterial chaff fertilizer can effectively reduce the absorption of Cu, Pb and Cr, and reduce the Cu and Pb transfer rate to the above,round, fix the Cr in maize leaf, reduce the Cr content in other parts.

关 键 词：菌糠肥料 玉米 重金属 转移 富集 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]