复合纤维增强疏水SiO_2气凝胶的制备及其性能  

Preparation and Properties of Composites Fiber-reinforced Hydrophobic Silica Aerogels

作　　者：李威[1] 叶卫平[1] 程旭东[2] 杨帆[1] 崔俊平[2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学材料科学与工程学院,武汉430070 [2]武汉理工大学材料复合新技术国家重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《材料导报》2015年第22期72-74,95,共4页Materials Reports

摘　　要：以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为前驱体,复合纤维为增强相,采用溶胶-凝胶法和常压干燥技术制备了纤维增强疏水SiO_2气凝胶复合材料。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜、比表面积分析仪等手段对气凝胶的化学组成、形貌及结构等进行了分析,并且测量了样品的密度和抗折强度。结果表明:经常压干燥制备的SiO_2气凝胶复合材料加工成块性较好,密度在0.27g/cm^3左右,比表面积达到878.544m^2/g;随着复合纤维的掺入,凝胶填充了纤维之间的大部分微米空隙,并与纤维形成了比较密实的结构,复合材料的抗折强度提高到了1.53 MPa,使得材料有较好的韧性,适用于不规则形状的隔热。SiO2 aerogels heat insulation composites made by tetraethyloxysilane （TEOS） and composite fiber were prepared via sol-gel process at atmospheric pressure. The chemical composition, structure and the surface morphology were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectra（FT-IR）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and Specific surface area analyzer（BET）, The density and bending strength were also tested. The results show that the SiO2 aerogel composite material was suitable for processing, with a density of 0.27 g/cma , specific surface area of 878. 544 m^2/ g; with the fiber dispersing in the aerogels, most of micron pores in the fiber matrices were eliminated substantially by the closely packed aerogels, and formed a relatively dense structure with the fiber, the flexural strength was improved to 1.53 MPa, so that the material has good toughness, suitable for the insulation of irregular shape.

关 键 词：SIO2气凝胶 复合纤维 常压干燥 力学性能 

分 类 号：TB32[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]