不同有机肥与烟草专用肥配施对烤烟生长、土壤微生物量、产质量及黑胫病的影响  

Effects of Combined Application of Different Organic Fertilizer and Tobacco-special Chemical Fertilizer on Soil Microbial Biomass,and Growth,Yield,Quality and Black Shank of Flue-cured Tobacco

作　　者：张四伟[1] 李根原 朱利群[2] 顾克军[3] 王跃能[1] 蒋福昌 许龙[1] 冯坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省烟草公司文山州公司,云南文山66300 [2]南京农业大学农学院,江苏南京210095 [3]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2015年第11期39-43,共5页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：云南省烟草公司文山州公司科技项目"文山植烟土壤保育关键技术研究和推广应用"(2014YN33)

摘　　要：通过大田定位试验，研究了不同有机肥与烟草专用肥配施对烤烟生长、土壤微生物量、产质量及黑胫病的影响。结果表明：与当地常规施肥（CK）相比，3750kg／hm2中烟多效生物有机肥（T1）、7500kg／hm。农家肥（T：）配施70％烟草专用肥可促进烟株生长发育，显著增加土壤微生物量，显著提高烤烟产质量，降低黑胫病的发生。与当地常规施肥（CK）相比，在烟草专用肥减少30％的基础上，配施中烟多效生物肥可使烤烟产量提高13．5％、产值提高41．9％、中上等烟比例提高13．6％、土壤微生物量碳提高87％～96％、土壤微生物量氮提高8％～28％、黑胫病病情指数降低51．1％；配施农家肥可使烤烟产量提高11．1％、产值提高24．7％、中上等烟比例提高5．9％、土壤微生物量碳提高67％～81％、土壤微生物量氮提高1．5％～10．2％、黑胫病病情指数降低28．9％。The field location experiments were carried out to compare and study the effects of the combined application of differ- ent organic fertilizer and tobacco-special chemical fertilizer on soil microbial biomass, and the growth, yield, quality and black shank of flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that： in comparison with the local conventional fertilization （CK）, the combined application of 3750 kg/hm2 multiple-effect biological organic fertilizer and 70% tobacco-special chemical fertilizer （ treatment T1 ） or the combined application of 7500 kg/hm2 farmyard manure and 70% tobacco-special chemical fertilizer （ treatment T2 ） could promote the growth and development of tobacco plants, siginificantly increase the microbial biomass in soil, significantly improve the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco, and reduce the occurrence of black shank. As compared with CK, the treatment T1increased the yield, production value and middle-high-class tobacco leaf proportion of flue-cured tobacco by 13.5%, 41.9% and 13.6% re- spectively, enhanced the microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen in soil by 87%- 96% and 8% ～ 28% respectively, and reduced black shank disease index by 51.1%; the treatment T2 increased the yield, production value and middle- high-class tobacco leaf proportion of flue-cured tobacco by 11.1%, 24.7% and 5.9% respectively, enhanced the microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen in soil by 67%- 81% and 1.5% ～10.2% respectively, and reduced black shank disease index by 28.9%.

关 键 词：有机肥 农家肥 烤烟 产质量 黑胫病 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]