页岩气资源开发环境影响的税费政策!  

Tax and Fee Policy of Shale Gas Resources Development Impact on Environment

作　　者：杨洪波[1] 彭民[2] 张彦明[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北石油大学经济管理学院,黑龙江大庆163318 [2]东北石油大学石油经济与管理研究所,黑龙江大庆163318

出　　处：《生态经济》2015年第12期70-73,共4页Ecological Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"我国页岩气资源开发环境规制研究"(14BJY072);国家社会科学基金项目"我国油气资源开发的水土保持补偿制度研究"(14BJY028)

摘　　要：页岩气资源开发过程会对水、大气及周边生态环境带来一定影响,运用适当的环境税费政策可以有效地减少或消除这些影响。在水资源影响方面,通过水资源税、水污染税的有效设置来激励页岩气开采企业采用节水的压裂技术、方法或发明水压裂法的替代技术,控制压裂液对地下水的污染、改进返排液的存放、处理及排放;在大气污染方面,通过甲烷二氧化碳税的设置来抑制甲烷二氧化碳的排放;在周边生态环境影响方面,通过森林草原环境税、土壤保护税、噪声污染税等税费来控制其对开发地区带来的影响。The process of the shale gas resource development will have a certain impact on the water, the atmosphere and the surrounding ecological environment. The use of appropriate environmental tax policy can reduce or eliminate these effects effectively. In terms of water resources, by means of the efficient allocation of water resources tax, water pollution tax, shale gas enterprises can be encouraged to adopt fracturing technology and methods which can save water, or to invent the alternative technologies for hydraulic fracturing which can control the pollution of groundwater that fracturing fluid brings, and can improve the storage, handling and discharge of flow back fluid. In terms of atmospheric pollution, the methane carbon tax can be used to restrain the discharge of methane carbon; In terms of the surrounding ecological environment, forest grassland environment tax, soil protection tax and noise pollution tax can be used to control its influence on the development area.

关 键 词：页岩气资源 资源开发 环境污染 环境税 

分 类 号：F812.42[经济管理—财政学]