不同标本留取方法对细菌培养结果的影响  

The influence of different methods of sputum specimens and ophthalmology specimens collection on the positive rate

作　　者：英媛媛 徐佳傲 丁雪[2] 任微[2] 孟冬娅[2] 褚美玲[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳军区总医院浑南临床部检验科,沈阳市110840 [2]沈阳军区总医院检验科,沈阳市110840

出　　处：《中华实验和临床感染病杂志（电子版）》2015年第5期84-87,共4页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：辽宁省科技攻关计划(No.2011225021)

摘　　要：目的通过分析临床痰标本和角膜感染标本的留取方法与检测结果的关系,探讨不同标本留取方法对细菌培养结果的影响。方法随机选择200例吸痰标本和200例咯痰标本,166例眼科角膜感染标本。统计细菌培养结果,对比分析不同方法之间细菌培养阳性率之间的差异。结果吸痰留取的200例标本中,完全合格166份(合格率为83%),可接受标本34份;咯痰留取的200例标本中,完全合格标本108份,可接受标本92份,合格率为54%。咯痰标本阳性72份,阴性128份,阳性率为36%;咳痰标本细菌培养阳性44份,阴性156份,阳性率为22%。2种方法细菌培养阳性率差异具有统计学意义(χ2=9.52,P<0.05)。眼科角膜感染拭子法标本阳性率为0%,角膜刮片法阳性率为32.5%。眼科标本的不同留取方法与阳性率之间,具有统计学意义(χ2=19.54,P<0.01)。结论不同标本留取方法对细菌培养结果的影响有显著性差异,临床医师、护士在日常工作中应高度重视患者标本的留取方法选择。Objective To investigate the impaction of different collecting methods of specimen on the positive rate of culture results, and to analyze the relationship between the collecting methods of corneal infection and clinical sputum specimens and the results.Methods Total of 200 sputum specimens collected by patient＇ self-coughing and 200 aspiration of sputum specimens, and 166 cases of eye corneal infection specimens were selected randomly. The differences between the bacterial culture positive rates of different methods were compared.Results Qualiifed sputum specimens by suction machine were 166, there were 34 acceptable specimens, with the qualiifcation rate of 83%. Qualiifed sputum specimens by coughing were 108, there were 92 acceptable specimens, with the qualiifcation rate of 54%. The positive of sputum specimens by suction machine were 72, the negative of specimens with suction machine were 128, with the positive rate of 36%. The positive of coughing were 44, the negative of coughing were 156, with the positive rate of 22%. Different methods of sputum specimen collection had signiifcant difference （χ2= 9.52, P〈 0.05） in statistical analysis with the positive rate. The positive rate of ophthalmology specimens by swabs was 0%, the positive rate of ophthalmology specimens by corneal scrapings was 32.5%. There was signiifcant difference （χ2= 19.54,P 〈 0.05） in the positive rate collecting with different methods of ophthalmology specimen. Conclusions The impact of the specimen collecting methods on bacterial culture results has significant differences. The clinicians, nurses should pay more attention to the method selection of the specimens sampling in patients.

关 键 词：细菌培养 标本留取 合格率 阳性率 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]