贵州省少数民族地区乙肝防治知识、态度、行为现况调查  

A cross-sectional investigation of hepatitis B prevention knowledge,attitude and practice in minority areas of Guizhou Province

作　　者：刘兰[1] 汪俊华[1] 黄文湧[2] 杨敬源[2] 蒋芝月[2] 官志忠[3] 

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学公共卫生学院社会医学与健康教育教研室,贵州贵阳550004 [2]贵州医科大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室,贵州贵阳550004 [3]贵州医科大学医学分子生物学重点实验室,贵州贵阳550004

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2015年第11期1092-1095,1100,共5页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2013BAI05B03)

摘　　要：目的了解贵州省少数民族地区乙肝防治知识、态度、行为现状，并分析_三肯关联性，为制定相应策略提供理论依据。方法采用自行设计的乙肝流行病学调查问卷，包括基本情况、乙肝相关知识、态度行为和获取健康教育途径，在贵州省少数民族地区随机抽取两个县共2414人进行问卷调查，均数比较采用Z检验、Kruskal—WallisH秩和检验，率的比较采用x^2。检验，并用秩相关进行关联性分析。结果乙肝防治知识总知晓率为22．56％，不同问题的知晓率差异较大，在5．14％～54．85％之间，知识平均得分为3（0，8），不同特征人群得分的差异均有统计学意义（均有P〈0．05）；总积极态度率为36．27％，平均得分为3（2，4），总正确行为率为46．35％，得分为4（3，5），不同特征人群的积极态度率和正确行为率差异均有统计学意义（均有P〈0．05），且文化程度越高，积极态度率和正确行为率也越高；经秩相关分析，三者间有正相关关系（均有P〈0．05）。结论贵州省少数民族地区知晓率偏低，应针对不同年龄、不同民族开展多种形式的乙肝知识宣传，引导其养成良好健康的态度和行为习惯。Objective To understand the status of hepatitis B prevention knowledge, attitude and practice in mi- nority areas of Guizhou Province, and analyze the relevance of the three to providing theoretical basis for making corre- sponding strategies. Methods Using sell-designed hepatitis B virus epidemioh）gy questionnaire, including the basic situa- tion, knowledge, attitude and behavior related to hepatitis B and access to health education pathway, the questionnaire sur- vey among 2 414 people in two counties which were randomly selected from minority areas of Guizhou Province. Means were compared with Z test and Kruskal-Wallis H test, rates were compared by chi-square test, and rank correlation for associa- tion analysis. Results The total awareness rate of knowledge of the prevention of hepatitis B was 22.56%, and awareness of different issues were quite different ranging from 5. 14% to 54. 85% , the knowledge score was 3（0,8） , and the differ- ences between the scores of different population groups had statistical significance （ all P 〈 0. 05）. The total positive atti- tude rate was 36. 27%, a score was 3（2,4） ; the total correct behavior rate was 46. 35% , a score was 4（3,5）. Different populations of the positive attitude and difference of the rate of correct behavior rate had statistics significance （ all P 〈 0. 05）. The high level of education was correlated to rate of positive attitude and correct behavior rate. Through the rank correlation analysis, there was a positive correlation between the three （ all P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions The rate of aware- ness in minority areas of Guizhou Province is low, muhiforms propaganda of hepatitis B knowledge should be carried out at different age, different ethnic groups, guiding the habit of good health attitudes and behaviors.

关 键 词：少数民族 肝炎病毒 乙型 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R181.1[医药卫生—流行病学] R512.62[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]