控释肥对甘蓝产量、经济收益及土壤无机氮的影响  

Impact of Controlled Release Fertilizers on Yield, Economic Returns and Soil Inorganic Nitrogen of Cabbage

作　　者：曹兵[1,2] 倪小会[1,2] 衣文平[1,2] 肖强[1,2] 李丽霞[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京100097 [2]北京市缓控释肥料工程技术研究中心,北京100097

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2015年第31期56-61,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划"S型缓控释肥技术的提升与应用"(2011BAD11B01);北京市科委项目"控释肥料新产品产业化开发"(Z131100003313004);农业科技成果转化资金项目"智能控促一体型控释肥中试与应用示范"(2012GB2A0006)

摘　　要：为研究控释肥高效施肥方法,采用田间对比示范研究控释肥与速效性化肥掺混(控释肥处理)对甘蓝产量、土壤无机氮和施肥经济效益的影响。结果表明,与常规施肥底施加2次追肥相比,控释肥处理在减氮20%且采用一次性施肥的情况下,甘蓝产量略有增加(增产6.1%),氮肥利用率提高了11.5个百分点;甘蓝硝酸盐含量降低8.8%,控释肥处理在氮肥投入略高的情况下(75元/hm2),净收益比常规施肥增加了2802元/hm2。相比常规施肥,控释肥处理大幅降低了硝态氮在土壤深层(40 cm以下)的淋洗和累积。In order to study the reasonable application method of controlled release fertilizer, field demonstration experiment was conducted to study effects of controlled release fertilizers blended with soluble fertilizers on yield, quality and economic returns of cabbage. The results showed that, in comparison with conventional N fertilization with basal application and 2 topdressings, the cabbage yield with controlled release fertilizer with 20% N rate reduction and single basal application increased by 6.1% and the nitrogen use efficiency （NUE） increased by 11.5 percentage point. Nitrate content of cabbage with controlled release fertilizer decreased by 8.8% compared with that under conventional fertilization. Net economic returns of cabbage with controlled release fertilizers increased by 2802 yuan/hm～ compared with that under conventional fertilization, though N input of the former was increased by 75 yuan/hm2. Nitrate leaching and accumulation under 40 cm soil layer with controlled release fertilizers was dramatically reduced compared with that under conventional fertilization.

关 键 词：甘蓝 控释肥 经济效益 产量 无机氮 

分 类 号：S145.5[农业科学—肥料学]