微生物发酵饲料生产关键因素的优化及发酵过程成分变化分析  

Optimization of Key Factors Influencing Microbial Fermented Feed Production and Analysis of Composition Variation During Fermentation Process

作　　者：林标声[1] 罗建 李益明 杨小燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]龙岩学院生命科学学院,福建龙岩364012 [2]福建省龙岩市农业局,福建龙岩364000 [3]福建龙岩金和动物饲料有限公司,福建龙岩364000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2015年第32期1-6,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：省科技厅重大项目"无抗发酵饲料的自动化生产及其推广应用"(2014N3011);省科技厅重大专项专题项目"生猪健康养殖与粪污资源化利用关键技术的集成与应用研究"(2014NZ0002);龙岩市科技计划项目"普通农户发酵饲料自主制备工艺及其促进仔猪生长;提高免疫效力的研究"(2015LY32)

摘　　要：为研究优化微生物发酵饲料生产的关键因素及发酵过程成分变化，以水分、温度、能量和蛋白等关键因素考察其对发酵饲料生产的影响，进行优化选择，并对发酵过程中各营养成分的变化进行测定分析。结果表明：高糖分、低蛋白的饲料配方、34％-36％含水量、较高的发酵温度更有利于菌株生产和实际生产需求。发酵过程中，各菌株相互作用，发酵144h趋于成熟，乳酸菌生长达到顶峰1．86×10^9个／g，乳酸含量最高达到0.89％；随着时间的延长，物料的总能、纤维、异硫氰酸酯含量缓慢减少，水分和蛋白含量略有增加；维生素含量动态稳定，高低顺序为：VB〉VF〉VK〉VA〉VD；氨基酸组成向优质化转变，其谷氨酸、脯氨酸的含量缓慢下降，甘氨酸、苯丙氨酸的含量缓慢增加。优质的微生物发酵饲料有利于提高畜禽饲养的肠道平衡、适口性和安全性，应用前景广阔。To optimize the key factors influencing microbial fermentation feed production and analyze the composition variation during fermentation process, effects of water, temperature, energy and protein on the production of fermented feed were investigated and optimized. And the changes of nutritional components were analyzed during fermentation process. The results indicated that feed with high sugar and low protein content, water content of 34%-36%, higher fermentation temperature was more conducive to the strain growth and the actual production needs. Fermentation tended to mature after 144 hours, the number of lactic acid bacteria reached the peak of 1.86×109 strains per gram, the lactic acid content was the highest and reached 0.89%. With the extension of time, the content of total material energy, fiber, isothiocyanate decreased slowly, and the content of water and protein increased slightly. The content cf vitamin maintained dynamic stability, with the order of VB〉VE〉VK〉VA〉VD. The composition of amino acids had aualitv change, the content of glutamic acidand proline decreased slowly, while the content of glycine and phenylalanine increased slowly. Microbial fermentation feed had broad application prospect, as it was benefit for improving the intestinal balance, palatability and safety of livestock and poultry breeding.

关 键 词：微生物 发酵饲料 关键因素 成分变化 分析 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]