元江干热河谷地区农户生计与农地利用——以新平县为例  

Livelihood Strategy and Farmland Use in Yuanjiang Dry-Hot Valley:A Case Study of Xinping County

作　　者：杨世龙[1,2] 赵文娟[1,2] 徐蕊[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学资源环境与地球科学学院 [2]云南省地理研究所,昆明650091

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2015年第32期267-272,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"元江干热河谷傣族地区土地退化的生态人类学研究"(13BMZ059);云南大学中青年骨干教师培养计划"第四批云南大学中青年骨干教师"(XT412003)

摘　　要：为了揭示农户生计与农地利用方式之间的相互关系,采用参与式农村评估法、问卷调查和数理统计等方法,基于2013—2014年的农户调查数据,研究了新平县元江干热河谷地区4种农户的生计多样化、生计策略与农地利用状况。研究结果表明:以农为主非农为辅的多样化方式是研究区农户普遍采用的生计策略;为应对当前农业种植中存在的问题,纯农户和农兼户主要采取扩大种植规模、增加种植投入和从事非农活动的措施,而兼农户和非农户则采取减少种植规模和投入、实行农地流转和从事大量非农活动的手段。在作物种植上,纯农户和农兼户往往选择生长周期短、投入较多、管理复杂和经济效益较高的作物,而兼农户往往选择生长周期较长、投入较少、管理简单的作物。同时随着农户向非农户的转变,农地流转的进程亦进一步加速。In order to reveal the relationship between farmers＇ livelihood and larmlancl use, metnocis mcluamg participatory rural appraisal, questionnaire and mathematical statistics were adopted to study livelihood diversification, livelihood strategies and farmland use of the four types of farmers in Xinping County of Yuanjiang dry-hot valley based on the household survey data from 2013 to 2014. The results showed that the combination of agricultural and non-agricultural strategies was very popular in the study area. To cope with the current problems in farming, pure agricultural and agriculture-dependent farmers mainly adopted measures such as expanding planting scale, increasing cultivation input and engaging in non-agricultural activities; meanwhile non-agricultural-dependent and non-agricultural farmers mainly adopted measures such as decreasing both planting scale and investment, engaging in farmland transfer as well as various off-farm activities. Pure agricultural and agriculture-dependent farmers would choose those crops with shorter growth period, more investment, complex management and higher value, meanwhile non-agricultural-dependent farmers would choose crops with longer growth period, less investment and simpler management. As farmers were transforming from pure agriculture to non-agriculture, the process of farmland transfer also accelerated.

关 键 词：农户 生计多样化 农地利用 元江干热河谷 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]