烯丙基二甲基烷基溴化铵的合成与性能研究  

Synthesis and performance of allyldimethylalkylammonium bromide

作　　者：陶贤平[1] 张跃军[2] 

机构地区：[1]南通职业大学化学与生物工程学院,江苏南通226007 [2]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《日用化学工业》2015年第11期616-620,共5页China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics

基　　金：南通市精细化工科技服务平台重点资助项目(DE2010006)

摘　　要：以烯丙基二甲基胺（ADMA）和1-溴代直链烷为原料,合成了2种不同碳链长度（n=16,18）的烯丙基二甲基烷基溴化铵（C16和C18）,得到较佳的合成工艺条件为以丙酮作溶剂,ADMA与溴代烷的摩尔比为1∶1.1~1.2,65℃下反应60 h,所得产品的收率分别为68.20%和66.05%。用IR,1HNMR和元素分析对产品结构进行了表征,并测定了产品的表面活性、水溶性、泡沫性能、乳化性及絮凝性。结果表明,C16和C18的临界胶束浓度分别为5.5×10-4和1.8×10-4mol/L,相应的表面张力分别为33.5和32.4 m N/m,产品具有良好的表面活性;C16和C18的Krafft点分别为8和21℃;与十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）相比,产品的乳化能力较弱;C16的发泡能力以及对高岭土的絮凝能力明显强于C18。Two kinds of allyldimethylalkylammonium bromide（ C16 and C18） with different carbon chain length（ n = 16,18） were synthesized by using allyldimethylamine（ ADMA） and 1-bromo linear alkanes as starting materials. The better synthetic conditions are as follows： acetone as the solvent; reaction temperature,65 ℃;reaction time,60 h; molar ratio of ADMA to 1-bromo alkane,1∶ 1. 1 ~ 1. 2. Yield of the product are 68. 20%and 66. 05% respectively. Their structures were characterized by IR,1HNMR and elemental analysis. Their performance was measured,such as surface activity,water solubility and foaming,emulsifying and flocculating performance. Results showed that critical micelle concentration of the products（ C16 and C18） is 5. 5 × 10-4and 1. 8 × 10-4mol / L respectively. Their corresponding surface tension is 33. 5 and 32. 4 m N / m respectively.The products display good surface properties. Krafft point is 8 and 21 ℃ respectively. The products display lower emulsifying power than that of sodium dodecyl sulfonate（ SDS）. The product C16 displays significantly stronger foaming power and stronger flocculating capacity to kaolin than that of the product C18.

关 键 词：季铵盐 烯丙基二甲基烷基溴化铵 合成 性能 

分 类 号：TQ423.124[化学工程]