用雷达反演资料诊断江苏地区一次暴雨过程  

Diagnostic analysis on a rainstorm of Jiangsu province by radar inversed data

作　　者：陈曦[1,2] 徐芬[3] 王振会[1] 蒋义芳[4] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学,南京210044 [2]上海市气象局,上海200030 [3]江苏省气象科学研究所,南京210009 [4]江苏省气象台,南京210008

出　　处：《气象科学》2015年第5期629-637,共9页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201306078);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41105023);气象关键技术集成与应用项目(CMAGJ2013M19);江苏省气象局北极阁开放研究基金项目(BJG201301);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAG01B01)

摘　　要：对2010年7月12日发生在江苏中部地区一次暴雨天气过程产生的原因、多普勒雷达图像产品特征及由雷达数据反演的物理量场进行了诊断分析和定量评估,得出如下结论：雷达径向速度图像特征变化反映了风场辐合辐散特征的变化,有助于了解雨势增减情况。多普勒雷达径向速度提取的散度数据与NCEP散度数据整体趋势上是一致的,但辐合辐散中心区位置及强度存在差别,雷达反演散度强度较NCEP大4-5倍,天气过程变化期间两者散度在垂直高度场的配置调整均能反映降水动力场变化;400 hPa及以下高度反演的平均散度更可信;对于雨强小于等于16 mm/h的降水天气过程效果更好。由雷达基数据定量计算得到的平均散度特征和垂直速度随时间和高度的变化,能较好的反映出强降水过程的动力学特性;雷电频次与强降水出现时次有一定相关性,约有1-2 h提前量,雷电发生随时间演变与雷达回波强度时空分布较为吻合,云底动能施力参量一定程度可以描述闪电增长情况,较降雨量约有40 min左右的提前量,有一定预警能力。The reasons, radar image products features and radar inversed physical quantity of a rain-storm in the central Jiangsu on 12 July, 2010 are diagnostically analyzed and quantitatively estimated.Results show that the wind field divergence feature reflected by the radar radial velocity helps understandthe rain tendency. The divergence data extracted from the Doppler radar radial velocity and from NCEPtended to be consistent, but differences existed in position and intensity between convergence and diver-gence. The radar inversion divergence intensity is 4-5 times stronger than the NCEP one. Both of the twodivergences during the adjustment of vertical height field configuration can reflect precipitation dynamicfield change of the heavy rainstorm. The average divergence inversed below 400 hPa is more reliable, es-pecially for the precipitation process whose rainfall rate was lower than 16 mm/ h. The average divergenceand vertical velocity characteristics calculated quantitatively by the radar base data turned to change withtime and height, which reflected the dynamics characteristics of strong rainfall process; the frequent light-ning appeared 1-2h ahead of the rainstorm occurrence, and the evolution of lightning with time was con-sistent with the temporal and spatial distribution of radar echo intensity, so that it is feasible to describethe lightning growth by Ekin, and there were 40 mins approximately before rainfall, which helped forecastrainfall.

关 键 词：暴雨 多普勒雷达 散度特征 对比评估 

分 类 号：P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]