厦门海域春季浮游病毒的丰度及形态多样性分析  

Abundance and Morphological Diversity of Virioplankton in Spring in the Coastal Waters of Xiamen

作　　者：蔡兰兰[1] 殷思博 杨芸兰 张锐[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室,海洋微型生物与地球圈层研究所,福建厦门361102

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第6期829-836,共8页Journal of Xiamen University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2013CB955700,2011CB808800);国家自然科学基金(41376132);海洋局气候变化专项(GASI-03-01-02-05)

摘　　要：运用流式细胞仪(FCM)、表面荧光显微技术(EM)和透射电子显微技术(TEM),测定了厦门海域春季浮游病毒的丰度,并结合理化环境因子,分析了浮游病毒在厦门海域的分布特征,同时对该海域浮游病毒的形态多样性进行了初步分析.结果显示,厦门海域表层海水中浮游病毒的丰度为107 mL-1;FCM与EM的检测结果具有极显著相关性(p<0.01),且流式细胞仪结果约是荧光显微镜结果的1.76倍,差异显著(p<0.05).在厦门海域,浮游病毒丰度呈现出由近岸向靠近外海逐渐递减的趋势;浮游病毒的空间分布受细菌影响,并且与温度、盐度、硝态氮浓度显著相关(p<0.05).此外,通过TEM在厦门海域观察到了3类噬菌体形态的病毒颗粒,其中以长尾病毒科噬菌体居多,占所观察到病毒总数量的65.83%.Virioplankton,most of which are bacteriophages,are by far the most abundant biological agents in the oceans. They influ- ence many biogeochemical and ecological processes, including nutrient cycling, bacterial biodiversity, algal bloom control and genetic transfer. To assess the ecological role of virioplankton in the coastal waters of Xiamen,it is necessary to determine the abundance and the morphological diversity of virioplankton. Distribution of virioplankton and the relationships between the abundance and the im pacting environmental factors were investigated by flow cytometry （FCM） and epifluorescence microscopy （EM） in spring （Mar. , 2014）, and the morphological diversity of virioplankton was detected by transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The virioplankton abundance was as high as 107 mL-1 in the coastal waters of Xiamen. Virioplankton abundances counted by FCM had significantly cor- relation with those counted by EM （p^0.01）. The results of FCM were significantly higher than those of EM （p〈0.05）, up to 1.76 times on average. The correlation analysis showed that virioplankton abundance had positively related to the abundance of heterotrophic bacteria, temperature and nitrate concentration （p〈0.05）, and negatively related to salinity （p〈0.05）. Morphological anal- ysis of virioplankton by TEM showed that most virioplankton observed were similar to bacteriophages which had diverse tails and hexagonal heads,and 65.83% of them belong to Siphoviridae （with non-contractile and long tails）.

关 键 词：厦门海域 浮游病毒 空间分布 形态结构 

分 类 号：Q179.1[生物学—水生生物学]