我国违法合同无效制度的实证研究  

Empirical research of system of conractual invalidation in China

作　　者：叶名怡[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北政法大学民商法学院,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》2015年第6期120-132,共13页Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law

摘　　要：实证研究表明,在违法合同无效领域,涉案合同类型最常见者为(房屋)买卖合同、土地使用权(出让或转让)合同、建设工程合同、(房屋)租赁合同、土地承包合同以及借贷合同;违法合同要素最常见者为合同主体(资质)违法和标的违法。涉案最多的被违反法条分别是关于集体土地使用权、建筑资质、信贷资质,以及无证房产、违章建筑禁止非法处分等规定。实践中,强制性规范被错误甄别、判定标准不一的现象相当常见,问题主要集中在无权处分之合同、无证房屋或宅基地房屋转让、资质欠缺之主体所签合同,以及合同一方涉经济犯罪之合同等方面。应采取规范法条引用、强化说理、统一判定标准、缩小管制范围、科学把握民刑审判关系等手段完善我国违法合同无效制度。Empirical research indicates that in the application of contractual invalidation system,the most common types of contract are construction contract,loan contract,sale contract and building lease contract; the most common elements of contract violating mandatory norms are subject of contract（ capacity） and object of contract; the most common mandatory norms violated by contracts are the provisions relating the lack of capacity of construction,loan,and the prohibition of disposition of building which has not been registered,of the right of use of collective land in rural areas,of disposition of illegal construction,etc. We should regulate the reference of provisions,unifying the criteria,narrow the domain of domination or order of administrative power,separate civil relation and criminal relation and etc. for improving China＇s system of contractual invalidation.

关 键 词：违法 合同 无效 强制性规定 实证研究 

分 类 号：DF522[政治法律—民商法学]