原料油带水对催化裂化装置的影响及防控  

The Effect of Water Entrainment of Feedstock Oilon Catalytic Cracking Units

作　　者：周志航[1] 李宗杰[1] 王春林[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化洛阳分公司,河南洛阳471012

出　　处：《中外能源》2015年第11期90-93,共4页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：洛阳石化2号催化裂化装置加工负荷为1.4Mt/a,加工进料主要以加氢蜡油为主,同时掺炼约20%的减压渣油。实际生产过程中,发生了"回炼油罐液位快速下降、分馏塔底液位快速上涨"、"提升管进料量大幅下降、反应压力上升、反应温度快速下降"等异常波动情况,经过分析及现场实际判断,确认是由于混合进料中冷蜡油大量带水导致。通过采取"适时监控回炼油抽出温度趋势图"的预警措施,做到第一时间发现原料带水迹象,力保在原料油带水的初始阶段,及时发现、及时切断冷蜡油进料,为后续处理抢得先机,减轻装置可能出现的风险。原料带水还可能导致"分馏塔盘冲翻、提升管进料泵抽空、油浆与原料换热器泄漏、提升管噎塞、反应温度低限自保启动"等问题。提出了重点防控措施,为相关装置及时发现、控制类似问题提供参考。Sinopec Luoyang Company＇s No.2 catalytic cracking unit is designed to process 1.4Mt/a of feed- stock.Most of the feedstock used by the unit is hydrogenated wax oil,mixed with about 20% vacuum residue. Abnormal fluctuations occurred in actual production,including rapid declines in liquid levels of recycled oil tanks ,rapid rises in liquid levels at the bottom of fractionating columns ,dramatic declines in the volumes of feedstock fed into risers,increases in reaction pressure and rapid declines in reaction temperatures.Analysis and onsite judgment showed that these phenomena had been caused by the high content of water in cold wax oil in the feedstock mixture.A forewarning measure of timely monitoring recycled oil extraction tempera- ture tendency chart was taken to identify signs of water entrainment of feedstock at the first opportunity to ensure a timely cutoff of cold wax oil feedstock supply in the initial stage of water entrainment of feedstock oil,thus winning time for subsequent treatment and reducing risks that may occur to the unit.Water entrain- ment of feedstock may also cause other problems ,such as overturn of the fractionating tray,pumping out of the riser feed pump ,a leak of the oil slurry and feedstock heat exchanger,clogging of the riser and activa- tion of the lower limit protection for reaction temperature.This article proposes key control measures,which can be used for reference for timely identifying and controlling similar issues in related units.

关 键 词：催化裂化 冷蜡油 原料油带水 过程分析 防控 

分 类 号：TE624.41[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]