火车司机生活方式对高血压的影响  

Effects on Hypertension by Lifestyle of Locomotive Drivers

作　　者：吴林雄[1] 郭美华[1] 罗跃 赵永[1] 颜立禧 周梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学公共卫生学院,云南650500 [2]浦东新区唐镇社区卫生服务中心,上海200120

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2015年第11期1025-1028,共4页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：云南省科技厅-昆明医科大学应用基础研究联合专项资助(编号:2014FZ001);昆明市科技计划项目(编号:2014-01-A-H-02-2032);云南公共卫生与疾病防控协同创新中心孵化项目(编号:2014YNPHXT22)

摘　　要：[目的]研究火车司机的生活方式是否对高血压的患病存在影响。[方法]采用横断面研究,于2012年对昆明铁路局4个机务段2 024名火车司机开展健康检查以及生活方式的自填问卷调查,采用χ^2检验和多因素非条件二分类logistic回归分析探索高血压患病的危险因素。[结果]回收有效问卷1 967份,问卷有效回收率为97.18%。研究对象年龄（36.67±7.01）岁（21~56岁）,高血压检出率为24.66%,从不体育锻炼率为24.50%,吸烟率为79.16%,饮酒率为85.66%,喜食高脂饮食率为31.77%,喜食高盐饮食率为22.00%,中心性肥胖率54.60%。χ^2检验结果显示,在30岁及以下年龄组中,高盐饮食和腰围各亚组高血压检出率不同（P〈0.05）;31~40岁的年龄组中,吸烟和腰围各亚组高血压检出率不同（P〈0.05）;41岁及以上的年龄组中,饮酒和腰围各亚组高血压检出率不同（P〈0.05）。logistic回归分析筛选出饮酒（OR=1.155;95%CI：1.039~1.285）、腰围（OR=1.096;95%CI：1.080~1.111）、年龄（OR=1.070;95%CI：1.052~1.088）3个因素是火车司机高血压的主要危险因素,回归方程为：y=-12.110＋0.144x饮酒＋0.091x腰围＋0.068x年龄。[结论]生活方式对火车司机高血压患病有影响。[ Objective ] To explore whether lifestyle affects the hypertension of locomotive drivers. [ Methods ] A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2 024 locomotive drivers of four locomotive depots of Kunming Railway Bureau in 2012 including physical examination and self-administered lifestyle questionnaire survey. Chi-square test and multi-factor non- conditional binary logistic regression analysis were performed to examine the risk factors of train drivers＇ hypertension. [ Results ] A total of 1967 returned questionnaire were valid （97.18%）. Their age was （36.67 ± 7.01） years （21-56 years）. The detection rate of hypertension was 24.66%, never exercise rate was 24.50%, smoking rate was 79.16%, alcohol drinking rate was 85.66%, high fat diet rate was 31.77%, high salt diet rate was 22.00%, and central obesity rate was 54.60%. By chi-square test, in the ≤ 30 years age group, there were significant differences in the detection rate of hypertension among subjects categorized by high salt diet or waist circumstance （P〈 0.05）; in the 31-40 years age group, there were significant differences among subjects categorized by smoking or waist circumstance （P〈0.05）; in the ≥ 41 years age group, there were significant differences among subjects categorized by alcohol drinking or waist circumstance （P 〈 0.05）. By logistic regression analysis, alcohol drinking （OR=1.155, 95%CI： 1.039-1.285）, waist circumference （OR=1.096, 95%CI： 1.080-1.111）, and age （OR=1.070, 95%CI： 1.052-1.088） were the main risk factors of hypertension in the locomotive drivers, regression equation ）y=-12.110＋0.144Xdrinking＋ 0.091xwaist ＋0.068xage.

关 键 词：火车司机 生活方式 高血压 腰围 饮酒 年龄 

分 类 号：R18[医药卫生—流行病学]