油水分离技术  

Oil and water separation technology

作　　者：吴应湘[1] 许晶禹[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院力学研究所流固耦合系统力学重点实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《力学进展》2015年第1期179-216,共38页Advances in Mechanics

摘　　要：随着油田开采时间的增长,产出液中含水率逐年增加,部分井液的含水率高达95%以上,给目前已有的处理工艺带来新的挑战.为了解决这些问题,急需研发新型的油水分离技术,以解决传统技术所遇到的瓶颈.该文结合目前油气开发的新需求,系统地介绍了油水分离的技术现状,讨论了含油污水深度处理技术的特点,分析了未来油水分离技术的发展趋势.同时,结合力学研究所研制的新型管道式油水分离技术,详细介绍了柱型分离、导流片型分离、以及T型管分离等新技术,提出了新型管道式分离技术具有的技术优势,可解决稠油开采、海底作业、以及井下分离等难题,指明了技术发展方向.With the growth of oil exploration lasting, the water content of output fluids is increasing year by year, and in some oil wells the water content has reached to 95% and above, which brings new challenges to the existing treatment technology. To solve these problems, it is urgent to develop a new kind of oil-water separation technology to break through the ＂bottle-neck＂ of traditional technology. In this work, combined with the current demands of the oil and gas exploitation, the current situation of oil-water separation technology has been introduced systematically, as well as the characteristics of oily wastewater treatment technology, and the new demand and futural development trend of oil-water separation technology. At the same time, a new kind of pipe-type oil-water separation technology, developed by the Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has been introduced in detail, which includes cylindrical pipe separation technology, vane-type pipe separation technology, and T-type pipe separation technology. Due to the technical advantages of new pipe-type separation technology, it can solve practical engineering problems successfully, such as heavy oil exploitation, submarine operation, and downhole separation. Furthermore, the development direction of oil-water separation technology has also been specified in this work.

关 键 词：油水分离 含油污水处理 管道式分离技术 

分 类 号：O359[理学—流体力学]