龙眼正反交后代的SSR鉴定及遗传多样性分析  

Identification and Genetic Diversity of Reciprocal Hybrids in Longan(Dimocarpus longan)by SSR

作　　者：胡文舜[1,2] 黄爱萍[2,3] 姜帆[1,2] 蒋际谋[1,2] 陈秀萍[1,2] 郑少泉[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院果树研究所,福州350013 [2]福建省龙眼枇杷育种工程技术研究中心,福州350013 [3]福建省农业科学院农业经济与科技信息研究所,福州350003

出　　处：《园艺学报》2015年第10期1899-1908,共10页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-33-05);农业部农业科研杰出人才及其创新团队项目(20120911);农业部作物种质资源保护项目(2014NWB008);农业部热带作物种质资源保护项目(2014RZZY-04)

摘　　要：以龙眼早熟优质品种‘石硖’与浓香型晚熟新品种‘香脆’的正、反交F1代共124株为试材,利用SSR标记鉴定杂种真实性,结合高接后的始花年龄和果实香气性状对杂交群体进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明：在20对龙眼基因组SSR引物与50对荔枝表达序列标签SSR引物中,筛选出双亲多态性引物9对,多态性引物占比为12.86%,其中6对引物可鉴定出112株‘石硖’ב香脆’杂交苗中的110株真杂种,真杂种比例为98.21%;4对引物可鉴定出12株‘香脆’ב石硖’杂交苗中的11株真杂种,真杂种比例为91.67%。UPGMA聚类分析显示,121株正、反交后代的遗传变异较大,可划分为3个大类5个亚类。正交与反交后代中,短始花年龄的植株（2.5年生）比例为31.58%和28.57%,中等始花年龄的植株（3.5-4.5年生）比例为68.42%和57.14%,长始花年龄的植株（≥5.5年）比例为0和14.29%;果实香气表现出无、淡、浓的广泛变异。The hybrid authenticity of 124 offsprings from the reciprocal cross between Shixia（a early-maturing and high-quality cultivar）and Xiangcui（a novel late-maturing and full aroma type）was detected using SSR markers,and the genetic diversity of top-grafting longan（Dimocarpus longan Lour.）seedlings were analyzed by phenotypic traits at age first-bloom and fruit flavor. The results showed that 9 pairs of primers that generated polymorphic bands in parental lines were selected from 20 pairs of longan genomic SSR and 50 pairs of litchi（Litchi chinensis Sonn.）EST-SSR,the percentage of polymorphic bands was 12.86%. One hundred and ten true hybrids were identified from 112 F1 offsprings of Shixia × Xiangcui by 6 pairs SSR primers,accounting for 98.21%. Eleven true hybrids was identified from 12 offsprings of Xiangcui × Shixia by 4 pairs SSR primers,accounting for 91.67%. The UPGMA based dendrograms indicated that the genetic variation of 121 reciprocal hybrids was significant and these offsprings could be classified into 3 groups and 5 subgroups. The rate of short first-bloom age（2.5 years old） between direct and reciprocal cross were 31.58% and 28.57%,medium first-bloom age（3.5–4.5 years old）were 68.42% and 57.14%,long first-bloom age（≥ 5.5 years old）were 0 and 14.29%. The fruit flavor traits varied widely and showed three types as‘absent＇,‘weak＇and‘strong＇.

关 键 词：龙眼 正反杂交 SSR 杂种鉴定 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S667.2[农业科学—果树学]