叶面喷施骠马对张杂谷10号光合特性及产量构成的影响  

Effects of Foliar Application of Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of‘Zhang za 10'

作　　者：刘阳[1] 郭平毅[1] 原向阳[1] 高贞攀 王斌强[1] 宋惠洁 黄蕾[1] 余凯凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第6期608-613,618,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2014BAD07B01-09);国家自然基金(31301269);山西省科技攻关项目(20150311016-2);山西省科技攻关项目(20120311004-4);山西省研究生教育创新项目(2015SY26);山西农业大学青年拔尖创新人才支持计划(TYIT201406)

摘　　要：在当前除草剂品种繁多而谷子田可用除草剂稀缺的条件下,探讨除草剂骠马在谷子田施用时的安全性。在山西农业大学农作站谷子试验基地采用大田试验研究了谷子3-4叶期喷施不同剂量的骠马对张杂谷10号光合作用、叶绿素荧光参数以及产量构成的影响。结果表明,供试除草剂处理后,谷子叶片的叶绿素含量、净光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（Gs）、气孔限制值（Ls）、PSⅡ最大光化学效率（Fv/Fm）、PSⅡ潜在活性（Fv/Fo）、PSⅡ有效量子产量[Y（Ⅱ）]、电子传递速率（ETR）和光化学猝灭系数（qP）均出现不同程度的降低;而胞间CO2浓度（Ci）和非光化学猝灭系数（NPQ）的变化呈相反趋势,且表现出一定的剂量-效应关系。此外,除草剂对谷子植株光合特性的影响效应随着施药时间的延长逐渐减弱,表现为喷施除草剂后5d之前较为显著,其后多数指标可恢复至对照水平。谷子产量随供试除草剂剂量的增加呈先增后降的趋势。在骠马喷施剂量超过900ml·hm-2时,会对谷子造成不可逆的伤害,进而降低了谷子产量。The security of application of Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl in foxtail millet was studied in the conditions of a wide variety of herbicides but scarce available for foxtail millet.Field trial was carried out to study the effect of different levels of herbicides,sprayed at the 3th or 4th leaf stages,on photosynthetic characteristics,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and yield component of‘Zhang za 10＇in experiment site of Shanxi Agricultural University.Results showed that after spraying herbicide,photosynthetic pigment content,the photosynthetic rate（Pn）,stomatal conductance（Gs）,stomatal limitation value（Ls）,Fv/Fm,Fv/Fo,Y（Ⅱ）,ETR and qP were varying decreased;however,the internal CO2concentration（Ci）and NPQ were presented a tendency of opposite,which displayed remarkable dose-response.The impact of herbicide on the photosynthetic characteristics of foxtail millet was more obvious at the initial of the treatment,followed by agradually slowing effect,at the late of the treatment most of the indicators could be restored to the control level.Yield showed a trend of increasing at first and then decreasing.The above results suggested that a irreversible damage will be produced and reduce the yield of foxtail millet,when the level of Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl exceed900ml·hm-2.

关 键 词：除草剂 谷子 光合特性 叶绿素荧光 产量 

分 类 号：S515[农业科学—作物学] S482.41