抗战时期中国公务员任用制度  

China's Civil Servants Appointment System During the Anti-Japanese War

作　　者：房列曙[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学历史与社会学院,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《安徽史学》2015年第6期94-102,共9页Historical Research In Anhui

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"中国近现代文官制度研究"(06BZS026)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：八年抗战时期,国民政府变通普通行政人员、边远省区和具有特殊性质公务员的任用法规,降低考试及格人员的任职资格。与此同时,统一人事管理制度,补办公务员甄别审查,推行公务员、备用人员、军用文职人员的登记,以及公务员的聘用、派用与内外调任制度,兼顾了公务员任用制度的常态发展。这些举措,体现了公务员的依法任用,顺应了抗战建国的需要。由于公务员任用制度本身存在缺点,在执行的过程中"事前审查"变成"事后追认",以及专制制度的危害,孙中山关于考试权独立的理想没有完全实现。During the eight years of Anti -Japanese War, Nanjing Nationalist Government took some initiatives to improve the civil servants appointment system：it reformed the regulations on appointing ordinary administrative personnel, civil servants in remote provinces and civil servants with special duty;the qualification requirements for civil service posts were cut down for the personnel who passed the examination. In addition, the government unified personnel management system, introduced civil servant qualifications and performance assessment procedure, implemented the registration of the civil servants, reserve person- nel and civilian staff in the army, which promoted the development of civil servants appointment system. Besides, regulations on the employment, assignment, and transfer of civil servants was initiated. All these measures contributed to the application of civ- il servant regulations in accordance to the laws and met the need for the development of the nation as well as the anti - Japa- nese War. However, there were flaws in the civil servants appointment system and in the process of its implementation, the prin- ciple ＂pre -authorization＂ was neglected and replaced by ＂subsequent ratification＂, together with the influence of autocratic system, Sun Yat - Sen＇ s ideal of ＂exercising independent exam - conducting power＂ was not fully realized.

关 键 词：抗战时期 改革文官任用 统一人事管理 考试权未能独立 

分 类 号：K265.9[历史地理—历史学]