海域天然气水合物全波形反演研究进展  

Progress in the full waveform inversion of marine natural gas hydrate

作　　者：张尧声 张世晖[1] 卞爱飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学地球物理与空间信息学院地球内部多尺度成像湖北省重点实验室,武汉430074

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2015年第5期2404-2411,共8页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(CUG130103);国家自然科学基金项目(40904032和41304109);中国地质调查局项目(12120114055801)联合资助

摘　　要：在海域天然气水合物勘探过程中,全波形反演可以在缺少井资料情况下提供水合物及游离气区域精细速度结构,与AVO分析相比,全波形反演可以有效降低薄层效应影响.概述了全波形反演的研究进展及其在海域天然气水合物参数结构分析中的应用现状;讨论了天然气水合物全波形反演策略,包括基于层状介质假设的全局优化与局部优化相结合反演策略和基于有限差分、有限元正演模拟的多参数结构直接反演策略等;探讨了天然气水合物全波形反演中一些具有代表性的技术特点,包括地震子波估计方式、海底多分量地震数据的应用、多参数同时反演;最后给出天然气水合物全波形反演发展趋势和可能改进建议.随着三维全波形反演算法的不断改进,海域天然气水合物勘探精度将进一步提高,为水合物商业开发提供依据.In the process of natural gas hydrate exploration,full waveform inversion（FWI）can provide detailed velocity structure of the hydrate and free gas zone,even in the absence of well data.Compared with the AVO analysis,the full waveform inversion can effectively reduce the tuning effect,because the full waveform inversion method utilizes both amplitude and waveform information.In our study, we summarized the research progress of the FWI and its application status in the parameter structure analysis of marine natural gas hydrate.And we discussed on the strategies of the FWI in natural gas hydrate exploration,not only the strategy which is the combination of global optimization and local optimization based on the assumption of layered medium,but also the multiparameter structure directly inversion strategy which is based on the finite difference or finite element full-wavefield modeling methods. Also we discussed about some key technical characteristics such as source wavelet estimating methods,the application of submarine multi-component seismic data and multi-parameter simultaneous inversion technique which account for parameter classes other than P-wave velocity,such as S-wave velocity, density,attenuation and anisotropy.Finally,we pointed out the development trend and some possible improvement suggestions for natural gas hydrate FWI.We proposed joint application of Laplace-domain FWI and Laplace-Fourier-domain FWI to the natural gas hydrate exploration,which beginning with a very crude starting model,and it＇s necessary to do further study to prove its feasibility.The 3-D FWI will be possibly applied in natural gas hydrate seismic exploration with the forward modeling is more efficiently through source assembling and phase encoding techniques, which can provide reference for commercial development of marine gas hydrate.

关 键 词：全波形反演 天然气水合物 似海底反射层 子波估计 同时反演 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] P738[天文地球—地质学]