喷丝板设计对原丝和碳纤维性能的影响  

Effects of Spinneret Plate Design on Properties of Precursor and Carbon Fiber

作　　者：顾文兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化上海石油化工股份有限公司腈纶部,200540

出　　处：《石油化工技术与经济》2015年第5期36-41,共6页Technology & Economics in Petrochemicals

摘　　要：在了解纺丝原液流变特性的基础上，研究了硫氰酸钠湿法纺丝工艺纺制12K聚丙烯腈基原丝工艺中喷丝板孔结构和孔分布等特性对原丝纺丝和碳纤维性能的影响。结果表明：喷丝板孔径的减小，不仅使喷丝板纺丝压力升高，还使原液细流流经孔道时切变速率增大，造成细流破裂，断丝增多；增加喷丝板的长径比可缓解上述断丝现象，但需在制造商的制造能力范围内；原丝喷丝板孔分布和孔间距等设计必须考虑原液高黏度的特性，为了获得均质化的纺丝效果和优质、高强度的碳纤维，12K原丝喷丝板较合理的最大有孔长度（M或D）为7—8mm，孔间距至少是喷丝孔径的11．5倍，孔密度约为2．6个／mm^2。Based on study of rheological properties of spinning dope, the effects of structure and distribution of spinneret orifice on properties of precursor and carbon fiber in spinning of 12K PAN - based precursor with sodium thiocyanate wet spinning process were researched. Result showed that reducing of spinneret aperture not only made the spinneret spinning pressure increase, but also made the shear rate increase when the spinning dope flows through the fine pores, which resulted in burst of the fine stream, and increase of broken yarn; increasing of the aspect ratio of spinneret plate could alleviate the above yarn breakage, but need to be within the manufacturing capability of manufacturers; the high viscosity characteristics of spinning dope must be considered in design of precursor spinneret orifice distribution and orifice spacing. In order to obtain a homogenized spinning effects and high - quality, high - strength carbon fiber, it is recommended that the reasonable maximum length （M or D） with spinneret orifices of 12K precursor spinning plate is 7 - 8 mm, spacing of spinneret orifices is at least 11.5 times of the spinneret aperture, and the spinneret orifices density is about 2.6 /mm^2.

关 键 词：喷丝板 原丝 孔径 孔分布 孔间距 

分 类 号：TQ342.742[化学工程—化纤工业]