肢体固定废用性萎缩及康复期训练的实验研究  

Experimental Study on Atrophy of Disuse due to Limb Fixation and Training in Recovery Period

作　　者：冼汉昭 王伟平[1] 左昭平 矫玮[1] 吕丹云 卢宝廉[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京体育学院 [2]国家体委科研所 [3]中国科学院动物研究所

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》1990年第4期4-14,88,共12页Journal of Beijing Sport University

摘　　要：本文系统研究了肢体废用、自然康复、康复期不同强度体力活动对骨骼、肌肉、毛细血管形态、机能的影响.研究结果表明,人肢体石膏固定4～7周后,血流量减少20.82%,体积减小11%,去石膏固定4周以内能恢复;固定导致肌肉萎缩,起主要作用的肌纤维首先受影响.去固定4周后,肌肉的毛细管数仍末恢复;固定导致骨质疏松,自然恢复期间,骨组织代谢活跃而积极,骨组织发生重建和改建.骨密质骨质疏松是以内膜成骨方式修复;低强度慢跑对骨质修复有良好影响,但去固定12周后,骨密质的形态、力学指标仍未恢复.Effects of limb disuse, natural recovery and exercises at different intensities in recovery period on morphological and functional changes of skeleton, muscle and capillary were studied. Four to seven weeks after limb fixation with plaster, blood flow and blood volume decreased by 20.8 and 11 percent respectively, but resumed to normal within four weeks. In atrophy due to fixation, the first involved were major muscle fibers. Four weeks after de-fixation, number of muscle capillaries did not resume. Fixation may cause osteoporosis. In natural recovery period, active metabolism of bone tissue occurred for rebuilding. The form of repairment for osteoporosis was intramembranous ossification, and jogging at low intensity was helpful for repairment. However, 12 weeks after de-fixation, morphological and mechanical indexes of eburneum did not resume.

关 键 词：比目鱼肌 骨密质 胫骨 血管形态 骨组织 跟骨 骨骼肌 小腿三头肌 废用性骨质疏松 软组织 

分 类 号：G807.4[文化科学—体育训练]