上流式反应器中流体流动及返混特性研究  

Fluid flow and backmixing characteristics of up-flow reactor

作　　者：吉敏[1,2] 杨钊[1,2] 娄晓军 雍玉梅[2,3] 杨超[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学化学工程学院,四川成都610065 [2]中国科学院过程工程研究所,北京100190 [3]南京九章化工科技有限公司,江苏南京211800

出　　处：《化学工程》2015年第11期41-46,共6页Chemical Engineering(China)

基　　金：973课题(2012CB224806);国家自然科学基金资助项目(21276256;21427814)

摘　　要：上流式反应器作为一种典型的三相反应器已广泛应用于工业生产中,在渣油加氢领域表现出很大的优势,但在工业应用中仍存在催化剂失活快、热点出现及局部结焦等问题。文中搭建了二维结构的上流式反应器,以空气和自来水作为气液介质,分别选用了3种粒径的玻璃珠、单粒径的氧化铝球载体作为填充颗粒。采用了一维轴向扩散模型,利用示踪-响应技术对反应器床层的压降、平均停留时间和轴向扩散系数进行了系统研究。液体对压降、平均停留时间和轴向扩散系数的决定性作用比气体重要,但当表观液速较低时则需要同时考虑气液两相的影响;同时,在一定的操作范围内大颗粒床层的平均停留时间较长。As a typical three-phase reactor, the up-flow reactor is widely used in industrial process and exhibits great advantages in petroleum residue hydrotreating technology. But there still exists some problems such as fast catalyst deactivation, hot spots and local coking etc.. A two-dimensional up-flow reactor was buihed, using air and water as gas and liquid phase respectively, and choosing three types of glass beads with different diameters and mono-sized alumina balls as packing particles. By using one-dimensional axial diffusion model and the tracer- response technology, the pressure drop of reactor bed, the average residence time and the axial diffusion coefficient were systematically studied. The result shows that the liquid plays a more decisive role in pressure drop, average residence time and axial diffusion coefficient than the gas. While the superficial liquid velocity is low, the effect of gas-liquid two phases needs to be considered. In a certain range of operating conditions, the average residence time of the bed with large particles is longer.

关 键 词：上流式反应器 气液固体系 混合 压降 平均停留时间 轴向扩散系数 

分 类 号：TE96[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]