心源性呼吸困难的诊断新策略―肺部超声“彗尾征”  

"Comet-tail" of the Lung Ultrasoud—A New Strategy in the Diagnosis of Cardiogenic Dyspnea

作　　者：吴文[1] 聂昆[2] 

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学第一附属医院急救医学部,云南省昆明市650032 [2]中国葛洲坝集团中心医院(三峡大学第三临床医学院)超声医学科

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2015年第33期4114-4118,共5页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：三峡大学青年科学基金资助项目(KJ2014A016)

摘　　要：急性失代偿性心力衰竭(ADHF)引起的呼吸困难是常见的急诊科急危重症,早期准确的诊断和定量监测肺水肿在处理ADHF中至关重要。本文介绍了肺部超声的原理,总结了其在心源性呼吸困难急诊临床应用中的研究现状,认为监测肺部超声"彗尾征"是目前一种简易、无创、床边实施的半定量评估血管外肺水(EVLW)的技术,可作为一种可靠的评估肺淤血严重程度的诊断工具,将会在临床上得到越来越多的重视和应用。Acute decompensated heart failure（ ADHF） is a common and potentially fatal cause of acute respiratory failure in emergency department. The diagnosis at an early stage and quantified monitoring of pulmonary edema are particularly important in managing the disease. The paper introduced the theoretical basis of lung ultrasound and reviewed the researches of the clinical application of lung ultrasound in patients with acute cardiogenic dyspnea in emergency department. As a simple,noninvasive,bedside tool for the semi-quantitative evaluation of extravascular lung water,the monitoring of ＂ comet-tail＂ of lung ultrasoundhas been proposed as a reliable diagnostic tool for the assessment and grading of pulmonary congestion. and will gain more and more attention and application in clinical practice.

关 键 词：呼吸困难 超声检查 彗尾征 血管外肺水 肺水肿 心力衰竭 

分 类 号：R441.8[医药卫生—诊断学]