铁对5～16周龄五龙鹅生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质和营养物质利用率的影响  

Effects of Iron on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance,Meat Quality and Nutrient Utilization of Wulong Geese Aged from 5 to 16 Weeks

作　　者：马传兴[1] 王宝维[1] 葛文华[1] 张名爱[1] 孔敏[1] 张肖[1] 隋丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学优质水禽研究所,国家水禽产业技术体系营养与饲料功能研究室,青岛266109

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2015年第11期3420-3428,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家水禽产业技术体系专项基金(CARS-43-11);山东省良种工程(2014LZ19)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究铁对5-16周龄五龙鹅生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质和营养物质利用率的影响,以确定铁的适宜添加水平。试验选用5周龄五龙鹅360只,随机分为6个组,每个组6个重复,每个重复10只。Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮,Ⅱ-Ⅵ组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加20、40、60、80、100 mg/kg铁的试验饲粮。试验期12周。结果表明：1）饲粮中添加适宜水平铁有助于五龙鹅的生长,添加40-60 mg/kg的铁能极显著提高5-16周龄鹅体重和平均日增重（P〈0.01）,极显著降低料重比（P〈0.01）;通过二次曲线拟合,当饲粮铁添加水平为62.5 mg/kg时平均日增重最大;铁添加水平过高,生长性能下降。2）饲粮中铁添加水平为40-60 mg/kg时,屠宰率、半净膛率显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）;饲粮铁添加水平对腹脂率、胸肌率、腿肌率没有显著影响（P〉0.05）。3）饲粮铁添加水平对鹅肉色度无显著影响（P〉0.05）,对鹅肉的剪切力、系水力、失水率和p H有增加趋势（P〉0.05）。4）饲粮中添加适宜水平铁能减少粪便中的氮,提高沉积氮,从而增加蛋白质的转化效率,并显著或极显著增加粗脂肪、粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维的营养物质利用率（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。由此可见,饲粮中添加适宜水平的铁对鹅生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质和营养物质利用率有显著影响,建议5-16周龄五龙鹅饲粮中铁的适宜添加水平为52.7-62.5 mg/kg。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of iron on growth performance,slaughter performance,meat quality and nutrient utilization of Wulong geese aged from 5 to 16 weeks,and to find the appropriate supplemental level of iron. A total of 360 five-week-old Wulong geese were randomly divided into 6groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 geese per replicate. Geese in the group Ⅰ（ control group） were fed a basal diet,and geese in the experimental groups（ groups Ⅱ to Ⅵ） were fed the basal diet supplemented with20,40,60,80 and 100 mg / kg iron,respectively. The experiment lasted for 12 weeks. The results showed as follows： 1） dietary appropriate iron level could promote the growth of Wulong geese,added 40 to 60 mg / kg iron could significantly increase the body weight and average daily gain（ P〈 0.01）,significantly decreased feed to weight ratio（ P〈 0.01）; when dietary iron level was 62.5 mg / kg,the average daily gain reached the highest. 2） W hen dietary iron supplemental level was 40 to 60 mg / kg,the dressed percentage and percentage of half-eviscerated yield were significantly higher than those of control group（ P〈 0.05）. Dietary iron supplemental level had no significant effect on percentage of abdominal,percentage of breast muscle and percentage of leg muscle（ P〉 0.05）. 3） Dietary iron supplemental level had no significant effect meat color（ P〉 0.05）; had increased trend on shearing force,water-holding capacity,water loss rate and p H（ P〉 0. 05）. 4） Dietary appropriate iron level could reduce fecal nitrogen,increased nitrogen deposition,thereby increasing the conversion efficiency of protein,also could significantly increase the utilization of crude fat,crude fiber,neutral detergent fiber,acid detergent fiber（ P〈 0.05 or P〈 0.01）. In conclusion,Dietary appropriate iron level has significant effect on growth performance,slaughter performance,meat quality and nutrient utilization. The optimal supplemental level of iron of geese aged fro

关 键 词：铁 鹅 生长性能 屠宰性能 肉品质 营养物质利用率 

分 类 号：S835[农业科学—畜牧学]