不同化学形式微量元素对热应激奶牛生产性能和血清指标的影响  

Effects of Different Chemical Forms of Trace Element on Milk Performance and Serum Parameters in Heat Stressed Cows

作　　者：李玉丹[1] 杨保奎 杨榛[1] 孙安权 曹冬梅 韩兆玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学动物科技学院,南京210095 [2]奥格生物技术有限公司,上海200120

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2015年第11期3558-3566,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：科技部十二五奶业专项(2012BAD12B10);奥格生物技术有限公司委托课题

摘　　要：本试验旨在探讨不同化学形式微量元素对奶牛生产性能和血清指标的影响。选择年龄、胎次、泌乳天数和产奶量相近的健康荷斯坦奶牛32头,随机分为4组,即在基础饲粮中添加120 g/d干酒糟及其可溶物(DDGS)的对照组、120 g/d无机微量元素的试验Ⅰ组、15 g/d有机微量元素+105 g/d DDGS的试验Ⅱ组和10 g/d有机微量元素+110 g/d DDGS的试验Ⅲ组,每组8头。试验期90 d。结果表明,1)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组产奶量有下降的趋势,试验Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组产奶量有提高的趋势,试验组乳成分、干物质采食量和呼吸频率差异均不显著(P>0.05);2)第30天,试验Ⅲ组血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著高于其他各组(P<0.05);3)第30天,试验Ⅲ组血清铜含量显著高于对照组、试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05),硒含量显著高于试验Ⅱ组(P<0.05),第60天钙含量显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05);4)各组间奶牛血清激素、免疫球蛋白G(Ig G)含量差异均不显著(P>0.05)。本试验条件下,热应激奶牛饲粮添加有机微量元素能够改善奶牛生产性能,提高奶牛血清抗氧化能力,血清Ig G和锌、硒含量,并且呈剂量依赖。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different chemical forms of trace element on milk performance and serum parameters of cows. Thirty two healthy Holstein cows with similar age,parity,lactation days and milk yield were randomly divided into four groups with 8 cows per group. Added 120 g / d distiller dried grains（ DDGS） to control group,added 120 g / d inorganic trace element to test group Ⅰ,added15 g / d organic trace element and 105 g / d DDGS to test group Ⅱ,and added 10 g / d organic trace element and110 g / d DDGS to test group Ⅲ. The test lasted for 90 days. The results showed as follows： 1） compared with control group,milk yield of test group Ⅰ had a trend to decline,while that of test group Ⅱ and test group Ⅲhad trends to increase; the differences of milk composition,dry matter intake,breathing rate were not significant among test groups（ P〉 0.05）; 2） on the 30 th day,serum glutathione peroxidase（ GSH-Px） activity of test group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of the other groups（ P〈 0.05）; 3） on the 30 th day,the content of serum copper was significantly higher than that of control group and test group Ⅰ（ P〈 0.05）,and serum selenium content was significantly higher than that of test group Ⅱ（ P〈 0.05）; on the 60 th day,serum calcium content of test group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of test group Ⅰ（ P〈 0.05）; 4） serum hormone and immunoglobulin G（ Ig G） contents had no significant differences among groups（ P〉 0.05）. Thus it can be seen that,under conditions of the present study,adding organic trace element in diet for heat stressed cows can make milk performance improved,serum antioxidant capacity and the contents of zinc,selenium and Ig G increased,and the effects are dose dependent.

关 键 词：有机微量元素 抗热应激剂 产奶量 乳成分 奶牛 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]