结缕草克隆生长对生境资源梯度水平和次序的响应  

The clonal growth of Zoysia japonica in response to the levels and orders of habitat resource gradient

作　　者：赖苏雯[1] 李德志[1,2,3] 陈惠娟[1] 耿松[1] 陈青青[1] 贠小涛 樊治华[1] 欧阳义[1] 黄瑶瑶[1] 王明祖[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院,上海200241 [2]华东师范大学上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室,上海200241 [3]华东师范大学浙江天童森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,上海200241

出　　处：《草业科学》2015年第11期1789-1800,共12页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31170387;31370435)

摘　　要：以克隆植物结缕草(Zoysia japonica)为研究对象,探究了其克隆整合的生长收益对生境资源梯度水平和次序的响应。试验设置了高养分水平、低养分水平和高低水平贯通3个梯度,且在每个梯度内设置养分浓度呈增长和降低次序的两类生境。结果表明,结缕草总生物量在高养分水平梯度生境>低养分水平梯度生境>高低水平贯通梯度生境,且在同一梯度降低次序生境的总生物量均高于增长次序生境,表明提高生境中的养分水平能显著增加结缕草克隆整合的生长收益,当小生境养分供应与分株生长的需求相匹配时,结缕草克隆整合的生长收益更大。根冠比在低养分水平梯度生境>高低水平贯通梯度生境(相当于中等养分水平)>高养分水平梯度生境,表明结缕草克隆分株具有较强的独立性,分株倾向于在自身所处小生境内发生可塑性反应,而受相邻分株的影响不大。在不同养分水平梯度和次序生境中,结缕草植株A分株的生长明显优于B分株的。对匍匐茎的生物量投资比例在高低养分水平贯通梯度生境(相当于中等养分水平)中最大。结缕草克隆生长对于生境资源梯度水平和次序的响应反映了其形态可塑性的生态适应意义。The clonal growth characteristics of Zoysia japonica in response to the levels and orders of habitat resource gradient were studied in the current experiment. The treatments consisted of high,low nutrient level gradients,and a whole range nutrient level gradient; every gradient consisted of a series of micro-habitats whose nutrient level increased or decreased,respectively. The results showed that the total biomass of Z. japonica clones changed with the gradient in the following order： high nutrient level gradient low nutrient level gradient whole range nutrient level gradient,and in every nutrient level gradient. The total biomass of Z. japonica clone was higher at decreasing order habitat than that at increasing order habitat,which suggested that both increasing the nutrient level in habitat and matching the nutrient supply in a micro-habitat with the growth requirement of each ramet could significantly improve the clonal growth of Z. japonica. The ratios of root / shoot of Z. japonica changed with the gradient in the following order： low nutrient level gradient whole range nutrient level gradient high nutrient level gradient,which suggested that the ramets of Z. japonica tended to be independent,and plastically responded to each micro-habitat and less affected by the neighbor ramets within the clone. In every gradient and habitat with various nutrient level and order,the growth of ramet A was superior to ramets B. The biomass allocation in the stolon was the largest in the whole range nutrient level gradient habitat whose total nutrient was at moderate level. The response of clonal growth of Z. japonica to the levels and orders of habitat resource gradient reflected the adaptation of its morphological plasticity.

关 键 词：结缕草 克隆整合 生长收益 资源梯度水平 资源梯度次序 生物量分配 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]