一次雨夹雪降水过程人工增水作业的综合观测研究  

Study of Integrated Observation on Aircraft Artificial Operation During a Sleet Event

作　　者：孙玉稳[1] 孙霞 刘伟[3] 李宝东[1] 蒋元华[4] 韩洋[1] 胡向峰[1] 刘立辉 

机构地区：[1]河北省人工影响天气办公室/河北省气象与生态环境重点实验室,石家庄050021 [2]河北省气象灾害防御中心,石家庄050021 [3]河北省石家庄市气象局,石家庄050050 [4]南京信息工程大学,南京210044 [5]河北省邢台市气象局,邢台054000

出　　处：《气象》2015年第11期1341-1355,共15页Meteorological Monthly

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201206003;GYHY201206025);河北省科技计划项目(12237126D-1);河北省气象局科研项目(15ky20)共同资助

摘　　要：2013年4月19日,河北省人工影响天气办公室在河北中南部地区对回流和西风槽复合天气系统云系进行人工增水作业,催化和探测部位在槽前上升气流云层和回流云层中,这次降水特点:(1)降水系统呈"槽前云"和"回流云"两层结构,大粒子主要在上层槽前云中增长;(2)"槽前云"温度和云顶温度较高,"回流云"温度低,固态降水粒子在"回流云"粘连增长加大地面降雪;(3)大云粒子和降水粒子很多;(4)小云粒子丰富,全谱拟合曲线lg=algD+b的截距b>2,适合催化作业。在分析云微物理特征的基础上,结合实时天气、卫星、雷达、探空和雨量资料,从多角度分析了层状云增水作业实用技术和催化的宏微观响应,结果表明:作业后影响区雷达反射因子、卫星反演参量和云内微物理特征量都有明显变化;催化影响区地面降水的变异通过了显著性分析,但作业前后影响区内外这一差异是否是催化效果需要进一步验证。Artificial cloud seeding was carried out by Weather Modification Office of Hebei Province on clouds in a reflux and westerly synoptic system over central and southern region of Hebei on 19 April2013.The cloud seeding and detection site was located in the updraft airflow in front of the trough and in the reflux.The characteristics of the precipitation are：（1） the precipitation structure is characterized by pre-trough cloud and reflux cloud,where large particles grew mainly in the upper front of trough;（2）both the temperatures of pre-trough cloud and the according cloud top were higher while the reflux cloud was colder,causing the solid precipitation particles to block together and resulting in the enhancement of surface snow;（3） the number concentration of big cloud particles and precipitation cloud particles was high.Moreover,there were abundant small cloud particles.The value of the intercept of the full spectrum fitting curve exceeded 2（b2）,suggesting it is suitable for seeding operation.In addition,application of airborne measured microphysical parameters,satellite,radar and air-sounding data in refined operations were analyzed.The results suggest that variations in micro-structure,satellite and radar parameters within cloud are significant after the operation work.The regional variation of surface precipitation has passed the analysis on significance,but whether the difference before and after the affected area is the catalytic effect needs further verification.

关 键 词：层状云降水 云粒子 飞机探测 雨滴谱 雷达回波 

分 类 号：P481[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]