湛江市2012—2014年艾滋病监测结果分析  

Report of AIDS surveillance in Zhanjiang from 2012 to 2014

作　　者：庞琼英 陈嘉琳[1] 柯广强 

机构地区：[1]湛江市疾病预防控制中心,广东湛江524037

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2015年第11期1355-1358,共4页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解湛江市2012—2014年艾滋病的流行状况,为制定艾滋病防控策略提供依据。方法疾控机构负责公安系统羁押人员、吸毒人员、男男同性恋者（MSM）、性病就诊者、外来媳妇、暗娼、自愿咨询检测者（VCT）等重点人群监测检测工作,医疗机构包括妇幼机构负责临床病人包括术前检测者和孕产妇等监测检测工作,采供血机构负责无偿献血人群的监测检测工作,对监测检测对象采血进行HIV抗体的筛查和蛋白印迹法确证,收集阳性者的个案调查表等病例信息,并进行统计分析。结果 2012—2014年共监测个案835 442例,HIV抗体阳性1 057例,总阳性率为0.13%;以男男同性恋者（MSM）阳性率最高,达11.85%,其次为自愿咨询检测者,为4.49%,其余为0~0.61%;男女比例逐年升高,平均为3.21：1;低年龄组（0~岁组）感染者比例逐年下降;职业仍以农民和无业者为主,占82.11%;廉江的疫情最严重,占10个县区病例的40.02%;传播途径以性传播为主,占92.34%。结论应重点加强MSM人群、农民和无业人员的疫情监测、宣传教育和行为干预,以有效控制艾滋病的传播。Objective To investigate the prevalence of the HIV/AIDS in Zhanjiang city and to provide evidence for thedevelopment of control measures. Methods ELISA and western blot（WB）were used for HIV screening and confirmation.CDCs were in charge of detention of personnel,drug users,MSM,STD clinic clients,foreign wives,female sex workers,VCTclients; The medical institutions were in charge of clinical patients,preoperative examinations and pregnant women. The bloodtransfusion services were in charge of blood donors.Information of the positive cases was collected for statistical analysis.Results A total of 835 442 serum samples were tested form 2012 to 2014,of which 1 057 samples were positive for HIV withpositive rate of 0.13%. The positive rate of HIV was highest among MSM（11.85%）,followed by VCT clients（4.49%）and others（0-0.61%）. The ratio of male to female patients increased year by year with the average ratio of 3.21：1; the proportion ofpatients in low age group（0-）decreased year by year. Most cases were farmers and the unemployed,accounting for 82.11% ofthe total;The epidemic situation was most serious in Lianjiang county,holding 40.02% of the total cases in the 10 counties. Themain transmission route was sexual transmission,accounting for 92.34%. Conclusion It＇s necessary to strengthen themonitoring,health education and behavior intervention among MSM,famers and the unemployed people in order to control thespread of HIV/AIDS.

关 键 词：艾滋病病毒 抗体检测 监测 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]