Effects of Different Biochar Dosages and Types on Growth, Yield and Output Value of Flue-cured Tobacco in Hanzhong Area  

不同生物炭用量和类型对汉中烤烟生长发育和产量产值的影响（英文）

作　　者：牛玉德 聂兆君[2] 李金峰[2] 韩治建 杨宏星 王国良 梅运鹏 李先锋 汤建华 叶协锋[4] 刘红恩[2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省烟草公司汉中市公司,汉中723000 [2]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,河南郑州450002 [3]商丘市质量技术监督检验测试中心,河南商丘476000 [4]河南农业大学烟草学院/国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地,河南郑州45000

出　　处：《Agricultural Science & Technology》2015年第11期2476-2480,共5页农业科学与技术（英文版）

基　　金：Supported by Major Project of Shaanxi Tobacco Corporation in 2013:"Research on Key Technique for Soil Improvement and Application in Tobacco-Growing Area of Hanzhong";Major Project of Henan Tobacco Corporation(HYKJ201215,HYKJ201315)~~

摘　　要：[Objective] This study was to investigate the effects of different biochar dosages and trpes on growth, yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco in Hanzhong. [Methods] In May-September of 2013, Xiaonanhai Town, Nanzheng County, Hanzhong City, a field experiment was carded out to study the effects of- biochardosage and type on tobacco agronomic traits, yield and output value in each growth period. [Results] Biochar application significantly increased plant height, stem diameter and leaf size in the early growth pedod, and raised tobacco yield, output value and the proportion of high grade leaf： With the increase of biochar dosage, tobacco agronom~ traits were significantly improved, and yield, output value and proportion of high-grade tobacco leaves also increased significantly, and the highest tobacco yield and output value occurred at the dosage of 900 kg/hm2. Agronomic traits of tobacco leaves with the application of rice husk char and wheat straw char were significantly better than those with the application of peanut shell char, appli- cation of rice husk char was more conducive to the development of leaves in the vigorous pedod and stems in the squaring period, but straw char was beneficial to improvement of plant height and leaf number in the vigorous period and leaf growth in the squaring period, and application of rice husk char had the best effect on the increases of yield and output value of tobacco leaves. [Conclusion] Application of biochar is an effective measure forimproving tobacco-planting soil and promoting the growth and development of tobacco in Hanzhong, biochar application amount should be controlled at about 600-900 kg/hm2, and rice husk char is the preferred choice as soil improvement material.[目的]为了研究不同生物质炭用量和类型对汉中烤烟生长发育和产量产值的影响。[方法]2013年5~9月,在陕西省汉中市南郑县小南海镇布置田间小区试验,研究了不同的生物炭用量和类型下的各个生育时期烟叶农艺性状、产量和产值进行了比较分析。[结果]施用生物质炭可明显增加烟叶生育中前期株高、茎围和叶片大小,增加烟叶产量、产值和中上等烟叶比例。随着生物炭施用量的增加,烟叶备生育时期农艺性状均显著改善,产量、产值和中上等烟叶比例叶明显增加,且在施用量为900 kg/hm^2时达到最高。稻壳炭和麦秆炭对改善烟叶农艺性状明显优于花生壳炭,稻壳炭更有利于旺长期叶片及现蕾期茎秆的发育,而麦秆炭有利于提高旺长期株高和有效叶数以及现蕾期叶片的发育,且施用稻壳炭提高烟叶产量和产值的效果最好。[结论]施用生物炭是汉中烟区改良植烟土壤、促进烟叶生长发育的有效措施,生物炭施用量宜控制在每亩穴施600~900 kg/hm^2左右,可优先选择稻壳炭作为土壤改良的材料。

关 键 词：Flue-cured tobacco BIOCHAR Agronomic traits Yield and output value 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]