沧县人民医院近3年住院小儿肺炎发病情况调查及病原学分析  

Incidence Survey and Etiological Analysis of 0-6 Years Old Children with Pneumonia in the Near 3 Years

作　　者：韩海峰[1] 刘建强 杨莹[1] 

机构地区：[1]沧州市疾病预防控制中心,河北沧州061000 [2]沧县人民医院,河北沧州061000

出　　处：《中国卫生产业》2015年第17期184-186,189,共4页China Health Industry

摘　　要：目的 研究2012年1月-2014年12月,沧县人民医院0~6岁住院小儿肺炎发病情况及病原学特点. 方法 选取2012年1月-2014年12月沧县人民医院6岁以下小儿19 186例,其中符合肺炎或支气管肺炎患儿5 580例,分析小儿肺炎的发病情况及病原学特点.结果 0~6岁肺炎的发病率分别为54.7%（1583/2893）﹑31.4%（858/2734）﹑28.9%（776/2687）﹑26.9%（727/2704）﹑23.9%（656/2740）﹑20.4%（550/2702）和15.8%（430/2726）,随着年龄的增加发病率呈下降趋势;冬季发病率最高为28.8%（1607/5580）,春季发病率为23.9%（1334/5580）﹑夏季发病率为23.6%（1315/5580）秋季发病率23.7%（1324/5580）,春季﹑夏季以及秋季的发病率相当;0岁患儿重症肺炎发病率最高1.14%（18/1583）,5岁和6岁重症肺炎发病率均为0.00%;细菌学分析显示：鲍曼不动杆菌﹑肺炎克雷伯菌﹑流感嗜血杆菌﹑大肠埃细菌﹑肺炎链球菌以及金黄色葡萄球菌为主要感染菌;对左氧氟沙星﹑阿奇霉素﹑庆大霉素﹑环丙沙星﹑头孢他啶等耐药性较高,对普米克令舒﹑硫酸特布他林具有较高敏感性. 结论 1岁以下是肺炎发病的主要人群,以革兰阴性杆菌为主要感染菌,对普米克令舒和硫酸特布他林具有较高敏感性.Objective To study the incidence survey and etiological of 0~6 years old children with pneumonia in our hospi-tal from January 2012 to December 2014. Methods 19,186 cases children under 6 years of age were selected from January 2012 to December 2014, among them 5580 cases of children consistent with pneumonia or bronchopneumonia, analysis of the incidence and characteristics of childhood pneumonia etiology. Results The incidence of pneumonia in 0~6 years were 54.7% （1583/2893）, 31.4% （858/2734）, 28.9% （776/2687）, 26.9% （727/2704）, 23.9% （656/2740）, 20.4% （550/2702） and 15.8% （430/2726）,the incidence decreased with increasing age; The highest incidence rate was 28.8% （1607/5580） in win-ter, and the incidence rate was 23.6% （1334/5580） and the incidence of summer was 23.9% （1315/5580）, and the incidence of spring, summer and autumn was 23.7%（1324/5580）;the highest incidence of severe pneumonia were in 0-year-old chil-dren was 1.14%（18/1583）,5-year-old and 6-year-old with severe pneumonia morbidity were 0.00%;Bacteriological analysis showed： Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia Egypt bacteria, Streptococ-cus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria infection as the main;Levofloxacin, azithromycin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime resistance is higher, for Pulmicort, terbutaline sulfate has a high sensitivity. Conclusion One un-der the age of onset of pneumonia is a major crowd, gram-negative bacteria as the main bacterial infection, for Pulmicort and terbutaline sulfate has a high sensitivity.

关 键 词：小儿肺炎 病原学 发病情况 流行病学 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]