针对结构易损场景监测的传感器优化布置方法  

Optimal Sensor Placement for Monitoring Structural Vulnerable Scenarios

作　　者：杨伟[1] 孙利民[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学土木工程防灾国家重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《同济大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第11期1670-1676,1683,共8页Journal of Tongji University:Natural Science

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2012BAJ11B01)

摘　　要：基于结构易损性指数和结构体系的损伤系数定义了结构失效指标,该指标可用来判断易损场景发生后结构体系的失效状态.在特征向量灵敏度分析的基础上推导了该指标在模态参数不确定性影响下的估计方差,并且以所有易损场景下指标的方差和最小为优化目标,提出了以监测结构易损场景为目的的传感器优化布置模型,以及基于凸规划的求解算法.采用该方法对一个平面桁架结构的数值模型进行了传感器布置,并且根据模拟的受损结构的模态数据,计算了不同传感器布置方案下结构失效指标的均值和方差.结果表明,与传统方法相比,该方法可以提高对易损场景发生后结构失效状态的评估精度.A structural failure index consisting of vulnerability index and damage coefficient was defined in this paper, which could be used to evaluate structural failure state after the occurrence of vulnerable scenarios. The estimation error of this index which is always induced by modal uncertainties can be derived with the eigenvector sensitivity method. By minimizing the estimation error of the newly defined index for all vulnerable scenarios, a optimal sensor placement mathematical model is presented and the algorithm, based on convex programming, for solving the proposed optimization problem is explained. The procedure was illustrated with a numerical example of a plane truss, and the mean and variance of the structural failure index was calculated using the simulated modal data yielded from three different sets of sensor locations. The results show that when evaluating the structural failure state, more accurate result can be obtained with the proposed approach than the other two traditional approaches.

关 键 词：健康监测 结构易损性 结构失效指标 传感器优化布置 最小估计方差 

分 类 号：TU312[建筑科学—结构工程]