1209号台风“苏拉”登陆福建后垂直结构和暴雨落区关系  

Relation of vertical structure of 1209(Saola) typhoon with rainstorm area after landing in Fujian

作　　者：刘爱鸣[1] 何小宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省气象台,福建福州350001

出　　处：《应用海洋学学报》2015年第4期451-458,共8页Journal of Applied Oceanography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40921160381);2013年中国气象局预报员专项资助项目

摘　　要：1209号台风"苏拉"登陆福建后,暴雨主要分布在路径南侧.针对台风"苏拉"影响福建暴雨过程的特点,利用风廓线雷达、地面自动气象站和高空观测资料,结合NCEP再分析资料,对这次台风暴雨过程进行天气学分析和动力、热力特征诊断.结果表明:特定的高空环流使"苏拉"台风登陆福建前结构发生南倾.暴雨分布在路径南侧,是由于"苏拉"登陆后涡旋中心垂直轴线向南倾斜,使路径南侧对流层中、下层的差动温度平流和差动涡度平流加强;且南侧上下层的垂直风切变大,达到14 m/s,利于对流不稳定层结发展和动力抬升增强;同时,在台风中心南侧温湿条件好,925h Paθse高值中心在福建中南部地区,达到359°k,而北侧在"苏拉"登陆前已受冷空气影响,温湿条件均不如南侧.After 1209 typhoon ＂Saola＂ landed in Fujian, precipitation area distributed mainly in the south of the track. Focusing on the characteristics of the rainstorm process of typhoon ＂SAOLA＂ in Fujian and using data from wind profilers, AWS observations and upper-air observations and combing with NCEP reanalysis data, we perform a synoptic analysis and diagnose the dynamic and thermal characteristics of the rainstorm process. Results show that the structure southward tilt before ＂Saola＂ landing in Fujian was caused by specific aerial circulation. The reason for the rainstorm area in the south of track was due to the vertical axis of vortex center tilt southward, so that the differential motions of thermal advection and vortieity adveetion between middle and lower level strengthened in the south of track and the vertical wind shear was strong between the upper and lower south （ 14 m/s） , which were beneficial to the development of convective unstable stratification and the enhancement of dynamic lifting. Besides, temperature and humidity conditions were good in the south of typhoon center. Potential pseudo-equivalent temperature＇s high center at 925hPa （359°k） distributed in central and southern Fujian, while the north region of track was affected by cold air before ＂Saola＂ landed and temperature and humidity conditions were inferior to the south region of track.

关 键 词：海洋气象学 风廓线雷达 台风 结构南倾 垂直风切变 暴雨落区 

分 类 号：P732[天文地球—海洋科学]