小孔节流深浅腔动静压轴承承载特性解析研究  

Analytical Research on Characteristics of Deep-shallow Journal Bearings with Orifice Restrictors

作　　者：孟曙光[1] 熊万里[1] 王少力[1] 吕浪[1] 郑良钢 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学国家高效磨削工程技术研究中心,长沙410082 [2]湖南海捷主轴科技有限公司,长沙410082

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2015年第22期191-201,共11页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51275163)

摘　　要：小孔节流深浅腔动静压轴承是一种采用小孔节流器实现节流作用及浅腔实现二次节流作用的动静压混合轴承。针对现有理论不能解析研究油腔结构参数及工作参数对承载特性影响规律的不足，以及计算流体力学数值仿真软件计算时周期长，而不便于工程设计人员应用的缺点，基于油腔压强分段线性化的思想，建立分析小孔节流深浅腔动静压轴承的油腔压强、承载能力、静刚度、进油流量及温升等承载特性的解析方法。进而以该方法研究动静压轴承的供油压强、主轴转速、进油孔径、浅腔深度、初始油膜厚度等参数对轴承承载特性的影响规律。研究发现，在其他结构参数及工作参数一定的条件下，浅腔深度为初始油膜厚度的2～3倍时，轴承刚度接近最大、温升接近最低。通过油腔压强的解析值与试验值的比较，证实了该方法的有效性和研究结果的正确性。Hydrodynamic-static hybrid journal bearing with orifice restrictor is a kind of bearing that the throttling effect is realized by orifice restrictor and the second throttling effect is realized by shallow recess. There is a shortage of the existing theory that can not study the load characteristics which are affected by the recess structure parameters and operation parameters in analytical method. It is inconvenient for engineers to use the computational fluid dynamics soft-ware, due to the disadvantage of long period of calculation. On the assumption of subsection linearization of pocket pressure, a method is proposed to analyze the deep-shallow beating characteristics, such as load capacity, bearing stiffness, flow rate and temperature ascending relationship. The analytical method is used to study bearing characteristics with the different structure parameters and working parameters, such as supply pressure, spindle speed, oil inlet aperture, shallow depth and initial oil film thickness. It is demonstrated that stiffness is close to the biggest value and temperature rising is close to the lowest one, when the shallow depth is thicker than the initial oil film by twice or three times, in the conditions that all other structural parameters and operating parameters are unchanged. The reliability of the analytical method has been verified by comparing experimental results with the analytical values.

关 键 词：动静压轴承 小孔节流器 解析法 承载特性 深浅腔轴承 

分 类 号：TH133[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]