从“咏怀”到“山水”:魏晋羁旅行役诗中山水物色的独立之路  

From “Expression of Feelings”to “Landscape”:Independence of Image of landscape in Travelling Poems in Wei and Jin Dynasties

作　　者：程磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学文学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《安徽师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第6期755-760,共6页Journal of Anhui Normal University(Hum.&Soc.Sci.)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(14YJC751006);2015年武汉大学自主科研项目"六朝士人山水审美研究"

摘　　要：羁旅诗长期遵循着言志抒情的咏怀思路,自然物象无法凸显独立出来,随着魏晋时代山水审美意识的勃兴以及山水游览风气的盛行,行旅诗也逐渐增加山水描写的比重,并将山水游赏与羁旅情思结合起来,二者融合才有谢灵运羁旅山水诗的出现。其间玄言山水诗以山水阐说玄理,注重祛情去累、以理遣情,将羁旅的困境体验导向证悟哲理玄境的解脱,山水显得外在而与诗人的精神世界难以相契,至南朝尤其是谢朓的宦游山水诗篇,山水形象与世俗生活情感相交融,才有羁旅山水诗歌传统的正式定型。从羁旅咏怀到羁旅山水,情事相生转变为情景相照,正是山水诗诞生的内在理路之一。For a long time poems about intellectuals＇business trip had followed the lyric pattern so the image of landscape could not be protruded .Due to the rise of landscape aesthetics and the fashion of landscape sightseeing in Wei and Jin Dynasties ,the proportion of landscape description in business trip poems had in‐creased ,as well as the combination with sightseeing and nostalgia ,which brought about Xie Lingyun＇s land‐scape poems .Before that ,landscape in metaphysical poems explained the metaphysics through landscape , emphasizing weakening of feelings and guiding predicament experience of intellectuals＇business trip to un‐derstanding of philosophy .The external landscape could not agree with the poet＇s spirit .Not until the South Dynasty did the landscape and the worldly life integrated with each other and the tradition of landscape po‐ems about business trip is established .Landscape as a way of life emerges slowly during the poem‐evolving course .It is a clue for the landscape poems coming into being from interpromoting of feelings and experi‐ences to reflection between landscape and feelings .

关 键 词：羁旅行役诗 羁旅咏怀 羁旅山水 山水物色 玄言山水 谢灵运 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]