标准化特异性免疫治疗对学龄期和学龄前期过敏性哮喘合并鼻炎的疗效差异  

Comparison on the Effects of Sublingual Immunotherapy for Preschool and School Children with Allergic Asthma and Rhinitis

作　　者：邓小云[1] 袁美春[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京市昌平区医院(首都医科大学昌平教学医院)儿科,102200 [2]湖北医药学院,十堰442000

出　　处：《医学研究杂志》2015年第11期73-77,共5页Journal of Medical Research

基　　金：湖北省教育厅基金资助项目(Q20132103)

摘　　要：目的探索标准化特异性免疫治疗(sublingual immunotherapy,SLIT)对诊断为过敏性哮喘合并鼻炎的不同年龄段低龄患者的疗效差异。方法对诊断为过敏性哮喘合并鼻炎的87例患者按照年龄分为学龄前期(≤6岁,n=45)和学龄期组(>6岁,n=42),对两组患者分别进行两年以上的标准化SLIT治疗,并对其进行长期随访,随访内容包括患者在SLIT治疗前、治疗后6个月、1年、2年的哮喘日间、夜间症状,鼻炎症状及药物使用,并进行评分和统计学分析比较。结果与SLIT治疗前相比,两组患者的SLIT治疗6个月、1年、2年时的哮喘日间、夜间症状、鼻炎症状、用药等评分均明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。SLIT治疗6个月后,两组患者的鼻炎症状、用药情况评分也均有降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。组间比较结果表明在SLIT治疗6个月、1年时,学龄前期组患者哮喘药物使用评分明显低于学龄期组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。SLIT治疗的不良反应率为8.05%,组间差异无统计学意义(8.89%vs 7.14%,P=0.765)。结论 SLIT治疗对学龄前期和学龄期的过敏性哮喘合并鼻炎患者均具有显著疗效,同时使用安全,不良反应率低。Objective To explore the difference of effects of standardized sublingual immunotherapy（SLfT） for children with aller- gic asthma and rhinitis in varied ages. Methods Totally 87 cases of patients diagnosed with allergic asthma and rhinitis were grouped into two groups according to their age, preschool group（ age ≤ 6 years, 45 cases） and school group （age 〉 6 years, 42 cases）. All the patients were treated with SLIT for two years and followed to collect information like asthma symptoms, rhinitis symptoms, usage of drugs before the treatment and after accepting the SLIT treatment for 6 months, 1 year and 2 years. These items were given the mark according to the standard and analyzed. Results When compared with the mark before the SLIT treatment, marks of asthma symptoms of day and night, rhinitis symptoms and usage of drugs in preschool group and school group significantly decreased after the treatment for 6 months, 1 year and 2 years（P 〈 0.05）. And the mars of rhinitis symptoms and usage of drugs also decreased when compared with the mark of 6 months after the treatment（P 〈 0.05）. Marks of usage of asthma drugs in preschool group were significantly decrease when compared with the school group after the treatment for 6 months or 1 year（P 〈 0.05 ）. The incidence of adverse reaction for SLIT was 8.05% but there was no significant difference between preschool group and school group （8.89% vs 7.14% ,P = 0. 765）. Conclusion SLIT treatment plays an important role in the treatment of allergic asthma and rhinitis to preschool children and school children and has a good effect with low incidence of adverse reaction.

关 键 词：特异性免疫治疗 哮喘 鼻炎 疗效 

分 类 号：R725[医药卫生—儿科]