长江上游朱杨溪江段圆筒吻鮈种群参数和资源量  

Population parameters and population abundance of Rhinogobio cylindricus in Zhuyangxi section of the upper Yangtze River

作　　者：熊飞[1] 刘红艳[1] 段辛斌[2] 刘绍平[2] 陈大庆[2] 

机构地区：[1]江汉大学生命科学学院,武汉430056 [2]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,武汉430223

出　　处：《生态学报》2015年第22期7320-7327,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51109091;51310105036)

摘　　要：圆筒吻鮈为长江上游特有种,三峡、向家坝、溪洛渡等梯级水利工程的建设,可能对其物种生存产生较大影响。为了解三峡工程蓄水后、金沙江一期工程蓄水前该物种的种群动态,2007-2009年对长江上游朱杨溪江段的圆筒吻鮈进行了调查,利用体长频率数据对其种群参数和资源量进行了估算。长江上游朱杨溪江段圆筒吻鮈渔获群体体长范围为69.0-268.0mm,体重范围为3.9-230.4 g,平均体长为(181.4±26.9)mm,平均体重为(78.5±33.0)g;优势体长组为125.0-225.0 mm,约占总数的93.0%。圆筒吻鮈体长体重关系为:W=1.58×10^(-5)L^(2.95)(R^2=0.94,P<0.01,n=401),为匀速生长类型,可用Von Bertalalfffy生长方程描述其生长规律。圆筒吻鮈生长参数为,L_∞=361 mm、k=0.21a^(-1)、t_0=-0.68;死亡系数为Z=1.70、M=0.50、F=1.20。其开捕体长为163.4 mm资源开发率为0.70超过了其资源最适开发率(0.60)而接近最大开发率(0.75)。2007-2009年朱杨溪江段圆筒吻鮈年渔获量分别为6716尾(0.50t)、22772尾(1.87 t)和16139尾(1.20 t),平均值为15209尾(1.19 t)。由体长股分析法估算出2007-2009年朱杨溪江段圆筒吻鮈年资源量分别为16361尾/km(1.25 t/km)、13922尾/km(1.74 t/km)和26836尾/km.(1.93 t/km)均值为19040尾/km(1.64 t/km)。目前圆筒吻鮈资源开发率偏高,建议提高开捕体长至193.5 mm,降低其开发率。建议逐步引导渔民转产转业,实施全年禁渔措施,加强筒吻鮈等特有鱼类的保护。The upper Yangtze River supports many rare and endemic fish species and plays a critical role in biodiversity conservation in China. However, the fish fauna is under serious threat from large cascaded hydroelectric projects, including damming in Three Gorges, Xiangjiaba, and Xiluodu. The state of the endemic species is a major ecological concern. Estimates of population abundance and demography are needed for assessing fish population dynamics and effective fisheries management. A traditional method of estimating population parameters is based on the age-length relationship, which requires detailed age determination. A simpler alternative method is based on length-frequency data. We employed the second method and used the software FiSAT II （ FAO-ICLARM Stock Assessment Tools） to estimate the growth rate and mortality of Rhlnogobio cylindrlcus, an endemic species of the upper Yangtze River, based on a survey in the Zhuyangxi section conducted in 2007--2009, a period after the Three Gorges Reservoir was impounded, but before the Xiangjiaba and Xiluodu reservoirs were. Growth and mortality parameters of the fish were estimated based on length-frequency data.R. cylindricus ranged from 69.0 to 268.0 mm in length and 3.9 to 230.4 g in weight, with an average length of （ 181.4± 26.9） mm and an average weight of （78.5±33.0） g. The length group of 125.0-225.0 mm dominated the catches （93.0% of the total number）. The length-weight relationship was well fitted with a power function, W = 1.58 × 10^5 L^2.95（R2= 0.94, P 〈 0.01, n = 401 ） , a result that means that the growth of the fish is isometric and adequately described by the Von Bertalanffy growth equation. Three growth-related population parameters, L~ , k, and to, were estimated as 361 ram, 0.21 -1 a , and -0.68, respectively. The three mortality-related parameters, Z, M, and F, were estimated as 1.70, 0.50, and 1.20, respectively. The minimum eatehable size was 163.4 mm, and the exploitation rate observed was 0.70, higher than the estimated o

关 键 词：种群参数 生长 死亡 资源评估 圆筒吻鮈 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]