玉米根系水浸液对茎瘤芥种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感效应  

Allelopathic Effects of Aqueous Extracts of Maize Root on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Tumorous Stem Mustard(Brassica juncea var.tumida Tsen et Lee)

作　　者：幸春渝 周先容[1,2] 江波[1,2] 谢晓玲[1] 袁珍 

机构地区：[1]长江师范学院生命科学与技术学院,重庆涪陵408100 [2]武陵山区特色资源开发与利用研究中心,重庆涪陵408100 [3]綦江打通中学,重庆綦江401445

出　　处：《种子》2015年第11期14-18,22,共6页Seed

基　　金：重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目(编号:KJ 1401204);2013年重庆高校创新团队建设计划资助项目

摘　　要：采用室内生物测定方法,研究了2个玉米品种(京科糯120和中单808)根系不同浓度水浸液对3个茎瘤芥品种(永安小叶、涪杂2号和涪杂5号)种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感效应。结果表明:2个玉米品种对3个茎瘤芥品种均具有明显的化感效应,包括促进、抑制、低促高抑3种化感作用类型,并呈现出明显的品种效应、浓度效应,以及受体作物不同生长期、不同部位对化感作用的敏感性差异。2个玉米品种对茎瘤芥种子萌发的化感作用强度顺序为中单808、京科糯120,而对茎瘤芥幼苗生长的化感作用强度顺序则相反;对茎瘤芥幼苗生长的化感强度远高于种子萌发,对幼苗生长主要为促进作用,对种子萌发主要为低浓度促进、高浓度抑制;对茎瘤芥根长主要为抑制作用,而对苗高主要为促进作用。3个茎瘤芥品种对京科糯120的敏感性由高到低的顺序为涪杂5号、永安小叶、涪杂2号,对中单808的敏感性顺序为永安小叶、涪杂5号、涪杂2号。综合比较2个玉米品种对3个茎瘤芥品种种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感效应,永安小叶最适宜作为这2种玉米的后茬作物,而涪杂5号则不宜。Allelopathic effects of aqueous extracts from two varieties（‘Jingkenuo 120＇and‘Zhongdan808＇）of maize root on seed germination and seedling growth of three varieties（Yongan xiaoye＇,‘Fuza No.2＇and‘Fuza No.5＇）of tumorous stem mustard were studied indoors using a bioassay method.The results showed that the two varieties of maize all had strong allelopathic effects on tumorous stem mustard,it included three different types of allelopathy,such as promotion,inhibition and low-promoting and high-inhibiting.What＇s more,it was relevant to the varieties,concentration of aqueous extracts,and there were sensitivity difference in different growth periods and organs of receptor crops.The allelopathic intensity of two varieties of maize on seed germination decreased in the order of‘Zhongdan 808＇and‘Jingkenuo 120＇,but seedling growth was in the opposite order.The allelopathic intensity on seedling growth was greater than on seed germination,the types of allelopathy on seedling growth was mainly promotion,and seed germination was mainly low-promoting and high-inhibiting.The types of allelopathy of root length and shoot height of tumorous stem mustard were mainly inhibition and promotion respectively.The sensitivity of three varieties of tumorous stem mustard to‘Jingkenuo 120＇decreased in the order of‘Fuza No.5＇,‘Yongan xiaoye＇and‘Fuza No.2＇,and that of three varieties of tumorous stem mustard to ‘Zhongdan 808＇decreased in the order of ‘Yongan xiaoye＇,‘Fuza No.5＇and‘Fuza No.2＇.Therefore,we should choose ‘Yongan xiaoye＇rather than‘Fuza No.5＇in the maiz-tumorous stem mustard rotation systems based on this study.

关 键 词：玉米 茎瘤芥 种子萌发 幼苗生长 化感效应 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S637.3