乳化炸药稳定性及其破乳机理研究  

Storage Stability and Demulsion Mechanism of Emulsion Explosives

作　　者：刘杰 徐志祥[2] 孔煜[3] 

机构地区：[1]安顺久联民爆有限责任公司,贵州安顺561006 [2]江苏大学能源与动力工程学院,江苏镇江212000 [3]贵州省经济和信息化委员会安全生产与民爆器材管理处,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《爆破器材》2015年第6期38-42,共5页Explosive Materials

摘　　要：为研究乳化炸药储存稳定性及其破乳机理,通过乳胶基质储存试验,采用显微照相法观测乳化炸药储存过程中乳状液的变化,采用甲醛还原法测定乳胶基质析晶量随时间的变化,并对硝酸铵的结晶进行理论分析。结果表明,乳化剂是影响乳化炸药储存稳定性的关键因素,提出了炸药乳状液破乳机理;析晶量随时间的关系也表明乳化剂是影响乳胶基质存储稳定性的重要因素。认为使用高分子乳化剂增强油膜厚度和抑制硝酸铵析晶是提高乳化炸药稳定性的有效方法,同时将研究结果与工业生产实际相结合,对得到的结论进行了检验。通过本文的研究,达到了深入认识影响乳化炸药储存稳定性的因素以及破乳机理的目的。In order to investigate the storage stability and demulsion mechanism of emulsion explosives （ EE）, stability experiments of EE were carried out, micrograph was used to observe the changes of emulsion droplets, and crystallization process of ammonium nitrate （AN） with time were also tested and analyzed. The results show that surfactant is a key factor to affect the storage stability of EE, which is also confirmed by the relationship of crystallization and time. The demulsion mechanism of EE was proposed. Enhancement of oil film strength with PIBSA surfactant and inhibition crystallization of AN are the fundamental means to increase the storage stability of EE. The experiment results were also analyzed by production of EE. The research have significant implication in the understanding of storage stability and breaking mecha- nism of EE.

关 键 词：乳化炸药 硝酸铵 储存稳定性 破乳 析晶 

分 类 号：TD235.21[矿业工程—矿井建设]