新型氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐自乳化微乳剂杀螺效果研究  

Study on molluscicidal effect of niclosamide ethanolamine salt self-emulsifying microemulsion

作　　者：易承学[1] 曹文婷[1] 徐虹[1] 刘金[1] 曹杰[1] 何凯[1] 张联恒 

机构地区：[1]镇江市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《国际医学寄生虫病杂志》2015年第6期309-312,共4页International JOurnal of Medical Parasitic Diseases

基　　金：镇江市科技支撑计划项目(SH2014071)~~

摘　　要：目的评价新剂型氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐自乳化微乳剂（niclosamide ethanolamine salt selfemulsifying microemulsion, NSM）的实验室和现场杀螺效果。方法将NSM用脱氯自来水配成有效浓度为O．020mg／L、0．034mg／L、0．058mg／L、0．100mg／L、0．171mg／L、0．292mg／L和0．500mg/L的药液．在室温下浸泡钉螺24h、48h、72h，观察钉螺死亡情况，计算半数致死浓度（lethal concentration 50，LC50）。以1.0g/（L．m^2）的NSM有效剂量进行喷洒法灭螺，施药后1d、3d和7d，用棋盘式抽样法调查钉螺．检测所有捕获钉螺，统计钉螺总数和死亡数，并进行统计学分析。同时设50％氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐可湿性粉剂（wettable powder of 50% niclosamide ethanolamine salt, WPN）和25％氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐悬浮剂（suspension concentrate of 25％niclosamide ethanolamine salt，SCN）作为对照药物。结果室内浸杀24h、48h和72h后，NSM的LC50分别为0．0568mg/L、0．0269mg／L和0．0216mg／L，WPN分别为0．1145mg／L、0．0483mg／L和0．0368mg／L。SCN分别为0．0867mg/L、0．0358mg／L和0．0303mg／L，试验药物组的LC50均低于对照药物组。现场施药后1d、3d、7d，NSM的钉螺死亡率分别为73．64％（380／516）、87．10％（709／814）和92．12％（736／799），对照药物组WPN和SCN的钉螺死亡率分别为81．87％（533／651）、89．30％（668/748）、91．29％（702／769）和80148％（404／502）、80．98％（545／673）、92．56％（597／645）。用药7d后NSM的杀螺效果与WPN和SCN基本一致。结论氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐制成自乳化微乳剂后．有利于贮存和现场应用，为新型高效、使用方便的灭螺药物剂型。Objective To evaluate the monuscieidal effect of niclosamide ethanolalnine salt self-emulsifying microemulsion（NSM） in the laboratory and field areas. Methods Different concentrations of NSM, i.e. 0.020 mg/L, 0.034 mg/L, 0.058 mg/L, 0.100 mg/L, 0.171 mg/L, 0.292 mg/L and 0.500 mg/L were prepared, and snails were soaked in the above series of solutions in the laboratory. The snail death rates and the lethal concentration 50（LC50） were calculated. After that, the snail amount and death amount were investigated after spraying with the dosage of 1.0 g/（L·m^2） of NSM 1, 3, 7 d, and the results were compared -ruth those after spraying 50% WPN and 25% SCN. SPSS 16.0 was applied for snail death rate analysis. Results 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after the implementation, LC50 values of NSM were 0.056 8 mg/L, 0.026 9 mg/L and 0.021 6 mg/L respectively; LC50 values of WPN were 0.114 5 mg/L, 0.048 3 mg/L and 0.036 8 mg/L respectively; LC50 values of SCN were 0.086 7 mg/L, 0.035 8 mg/L and 0.030 3 mg/L respectively. LC50 in the experimental group was lower than that in the control groups. For the method of spray, 1, 3 and 7 d molluscieidal rates of NSM were 73.64% （380/516）, 87.10% （709/814） and 92.12% （736/799）. The results of WPN and SCN were 81.87% （533/651）, 89.30% （668/748）, 91.29% （702/769） and 80.48% （404/502）, 80.98% （545/673）, 92.56% （597/ 645） respectively. The molluscieidal effects of NSM, WPN and SCN were basically the same for exposure 7 d. Conclusion NSM was a new type of high molluscicide with high efficacy and ease of use.

关 键 词：氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐 自乳化微乳剂 钉螺 杀螺效果 

分 类 号：R383.24[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]