先天性半椎体畸形的早期诊断及治疗  

Early diagnosis and treatment of congenital hemivertebra malformation

作　　者：刘福云[1] 韦良魁 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第三附属医院骨科,450052

出　　处：《中华实用儿科临床杂志》2015年第23期1769-1771,共3页Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics

摘　　要：先天性半椎体畸形是指一侧椎体形成障碍而导致的椎体畸形，是造成脊柱侧凸的重要原因之一。根据半椎体是否与上下邻近椎体融合可分为完全分节、部分分节和未分节3种类型。半椎体畸形的诊断主要依靠临床表现、X线、CT等检查，同时需完善心脏及泌尿系超声、全脊髓磁共振成像（MRI）等排除其他畸形。儿童半椎体畸形尤其是完全分节半椎体导致的脊柱侧凸非手术治疗效果差，早期手术可避免局部严重畸形及代偿弯曲结构性改变；手术治疗方案有原位融合、凸侧骨骺阻滞、内固定融合、半椎体切除等，目前较常用单一后路入路或前后路联合半椎体切除联合器械内固定的方法。Hemivertebra （HV） is a congenital spinal abnormality due to a defection of formation of one side vertebral. It is divided into 3 types according to whether it fusion with adjacent vertebral：fully segmented, semi -segmented and incarcerated. HV deformity is diagnosed depending on clinical symptoms, X rays, CT and other examine. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging of the spine, genitourinary and cardiac ultrasound should be performed at the same time. Congenital scoliosis due to HV especially fully segmented is nonresponsive to bracing, operative treatment is the mainstay of care. The 3 basic operations are fusion in situ, convex growth arrest （epiphysiodesis）, and HV resection. The single posterior approach or combined anterior and posterior approach of HV resection with instrumentation is the main method now.

关 键 词：半椎体畸形 手术治疗 儿童 

分 类 号：R726.8[医药卫生—儿科]