外源L-谷氨酸对荔枝果实生长与着色以及营养品质的调控作用  

Regulating Fruit Growth,Coloration and Nutrient Quality of Litchi chinensis with Exogenous L-Glu

作　　者：冯顺[1] 李绍鹏[1] 罗立娜[1] 吴凡[1] 陈婷[1] 杨超[1] 李美[1] 李茂富[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学园艺园林学院,海口570228

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2015年第11期2266-2272,共7页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：海南农垦新型农技--荔枝高效省力栽培技术推广(HD-KYH-2014044)

摘　　要：以8年生‘妃子笑’荔枝为试验材料,于盛花后45d果面喷施0、1.10、1.30、1.50、1.70和1.90g/L的L-谷氨酸,研究各浓度L-谷氨酸处理对‘妃子笑’荔枝果实生长、果皮着色和果肉营养品质的影响。结果显示：（1）各浓度L-谷氨酸处理对采收期（处理后20d）荔枝果皮中的叶绿素含量无显著影响,但1.30～1.90g/L L-谷氨酸处理采收期荔枝果皮中花青苷含量比对照显著增加92%以上;在采收期,1.10～1.30g/L L-谷氨酸处理的果面色泽参数a＊值显著高于对照,色度角h°值、亮度L＊、色彩饱和度C值均显著低于对照。（2）与对照相比,1.10g/L L-谷氨酸处理使采收期荔枝果实单果重、纵径和横径分别显著增加30%、4%和6%,而1.90g/L L-谷氨酸处理的单果重、纵径和横径分别比对照降低了1%～2%。（3）L-谷氨酸（1.10、1.30和1.70g/L）处理使荔枝果肉可溶性固形物含量峰值的出现时间比对照延迟5d,缩短了果皮与果肉的发育间隔时期;各浓度L-谷氨酸处理对果肉可滴定酸含量无显著影响,但1.30g/L L-谷氨酸处理使荔枝果肉中维生素C含量比对照提高15%。研究表明,适宜浓度的外源L-谷氨酸处理可显著促进‘妃子笑’荔枝果实生长和果皮着色,并有效改善果肉营养品质,其中以1.30g/L L-谷氨酸处理的综合效果最好,过高浓度L-谷氨酸（1.90g/L）则抑制荔枝生长。To evaluate the potential for exogenous I.-glutamic acid （L-Glu） to improve the coloration, growth and nutrient quality of litchi fruit, we sprayed L-Glu to the pericarp of the ‘Feizixiao’ cultivar at concentrations of 0,1.10,1.30,1.50,1.70,or 1.90 g/L,45 d after full bloom in 2014. The results showed that.（1） each concentration of L-glutamate had no significant effect on litchi pericarp chlorophyll content in harvest period （20 days post-treatment）, however,the anthocyanin content of treatments with 1.30--1.90 g/L L-glutamic acid was significantly increased more than 92% than that of control harvest;In the harvest period,fruit surface color parameters a＊ value treated with 1.10--1.30 g/L L-glutamic were significantly higher than that of control. The hue angle （h° values）, brightness （L＊）, color saturation （C values） were significantly lower than that of control. （2）Compared with the control,treatment with 1.10 g/L L-gluta- mate made litchi fruit weight significantly increased by 30% ,a significant increase in length by 4% and di ameter by 6% at harvest;while, the fruit weight, length and diameter of 1.90 g/L L-glutamate treatment were decreased by 1 %- 2 %. （3）L-Glu treatment had no significant effect on titratable acid content in litchi fruit;however,total soluble solids content peaked at 16 d after the application of L-Glu at 1. 10,1. 30 or 1.70 g/L;this represents a 5 d delay compared to the soluble solids content peak of the control;the vitamin C content of 1.30 g/L L-Glu-treated fruits was 15 % higher than that of control fruits,enhancing the nutri- tional quality of litchi. Thus, the appropriate concentration of exogenous L-glutamic acid treatment can sig- nificantly promote fruit growth and coloration of ＇Feizixiao’ litchi and effectively improve the nutritional quality in pulp,but high concentrations of L- glutamic acid （1.90 g/L） treatment showed inhibition on the growth of litchi. Therefore,the results indicate that 1.30 g/L L-Glu may be the optimum trea

关 键 词：L-谷氨酸 '妃子笑’荔枝 单果重 着色 维生素C 

分 类 号：Q945.65[生物学—植物学]