重庆大足区3～6岁儿童血铅水平及其铅中毒相关因素分析  

Test of children's blood lead level in Dazu District and its risk factors

作　　者：杨静 董剑 张波 秦国东 

机构地区：[1]重庆市大足区人民医院检验科,重庆402360 [2]重庆市大足区人民医院泌尿外科,重庆402360

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2015年第23期4294-4296,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的 研究大足地区3~6岁儿童血铅水平及铅中毒的危险因素。方法 采用BH2101S型钨舟原子吸收光谱分析仪对本地区8个乡镇幼儿园的3~6岁儿童血铅水平进行检测,同时进行问卷调查,分析不同性别、年龄段及地区3~6岁儿童血铅值及铅中毒发生率,并对升高血铅的危险因素进行筛选。结果 1 393名3~6岁儿童血铅平均值为（54.96±26.81）μg/L,铅中毒儿童772名,中毒率为55.42%,男童血铅水平明显高于女童（P〈0.05）,各年龄段及各地区儿童血铅水平有显著性差异（P〈0.05）,其中以三驱镇3~6岁儿童血铅水平和铅中毒率最高。致使儿童血铅升高的危险因素主要有父母从事工作与铅相关、常接触富铅物品、常进食富铅食物、家庭住房最近装修过,补充锌钙制剂是血铅升高的保护因素。结论 重庆大足地区3~6岁儿童血铅水平与中国其他城市相似,需针对致使血铅水平升高的因素采取有效的措施防控铅中毒。Objective To investigate the blood lead level of children aged 3-6 in Chongqing Dazu District and analyze the risk factors of lead poisoning. Methods Blood lead concentration of 3-6 years old children from 8 different kindergarten of Dazu District was detected by BH2101S atomic absorption spectrometer, and they were surveyed and asked to finish a questionnaire at the same time. Analyzing the relation between blood lead level and children＇s sex, age or district and conditional, and logistic regression was used to select the risk factor of lead poisoning. Results The average of blood lead level of 1393 children was 54.96 ± 26.81μg/L, 772 children had lead poisoning and the incidence rate was 55.42%. The blood lead level of boys was significantly higher than that of girls （P〈0.05）, and there was a significant difference between each age group （P〈0.05） and children from different towns （P〈0.05）. The risk factor of lead poisoning included parents＇ working related to the lead, often contacting or eating lead-rich items and foods, and homes decorated recently. Zinc and calcium supplementation were protective factors. Conclusion Lead poisoning rate of the children in Dazu District is similar to that of other cities, and effective measures for lead prevention should be strengthened in order to improve public awareness on lead protection.

关 键 词：血铅 儿童 多因素分析 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]